网球的历史.doc

Tennis has a short history, and its invention can be dated. In December  HYPERLINK /definition/1873 \o 1873 1873, Major Walter Clopton Wingfield devised the game for the amusement of his guests at a garden party on his estate at Nantclwyd,  HYPERLINK /definition/Wales \o Wales Wales. He based the game on the older sport of indoor tennis or  HYPERLINK /definition/Real_tennis \o Real tennis real tennis (royal tennis), which had been invented in 12th century  HYPERLINK /definition/France \o France France and played by French aristocrats down to the time of the  HYPERLINK /definition/French_Revolution \o French Revolution French Revolution. Seeing the commercial potential of the game, Wingfield patented it in  HYPERLINK /definition/1874 \o 1874 1874, but never succeeded in enforcing his patent. Tennis spread rapidly among the leisured classes in  HYPERLINK /definition/United_Kingdom \o United Kingdom Britain and the  HYPERLINK /definition/United_States \o United States United States. It was first played in the U.S. at the home of  HYPERLINK /definition/Mary_Ewing_Outerbridge \o Mary Ewing Outerbridge Mary Ewing Outerbridge on  HYPERLINK /definition/Staten_Island%2C_New_York \o Staten Island, New York Staten Island, New York in  HYPERLINK /definition/1874 \o 1874 1874. In  HYPERLINK /definition/1881 \o 1881 1881 the desire to play tennis competitively led to the establishment of tennis clubs. The first championships at  HYPERLINK /definition/Wimbledon_championships \o Wimbledon championships Wimbledon, in  HYPERLINK /definition/London \o London London were played in  HYPERLINK /definition/1877 \o 1877 1877. In  HYPERLINK /definition/1881 \o 1881 1881 the United States National Lawn Tennis Association (now the  HYPERLINK /definition/United_States_Tennis_Association \o United States Tennis Association United States Tennis Association) was formed to standardise the rules and organise competitions. The U.S. Na