英语人教版必修一同步精品课件：Unit4《Earthquakes》LearningaboutLanguage（人教版必修1）.ppt

Unit 4 Earthquakes 地震 Learning about Language;限制性定语从句（that, which, who, whose） 定语从句为高考中的重点，分为限制性和非限制性定语从句两种形式。定语从句的难点主要集中在关系词的选择上，其方法为：由定语从句中缺少的成分来确定恰当的关系词。;根据文章，在下面句中填入适当的关系词 ①A huge crack ______ was eight kilometres long and thirty metres wide cut across houses, roads and canals. ②The number of people _____ were killed or seriously injured reached more than 400, 000. ③Then, later that afternoon, another big quake _______ was almost as strong as the first one shook Tangshan. ;④The army organized teams to dig out those ______ were trapped and to bury the dead. ⑤Workers built shelters for survivors ______ homes had been destroyed. 结论：1)例句①、③中的关系词分别为______和_______，其先行词皆为物，可以互换。 2）例句②、④的关系词皆为_____，其先行词为people和those。 3）例句⑤的关系词为_______，在定语从句中作定语。;一、定义及分类;二、关系代词的指代及功能; ﹡The children who/that were injured in a car accident are being treated in the hospital now. 在车祸中受伤的孩子们现在正在医院接受治疗。（who/that引导定语从句） ﹡The spacecraft that/which finished its task has returned to the earth. 已完成使命的飞船已返回地球。（that/which引导定语从句） ﹡Any student whose family is too poor to go to school can get help from the government. 任何家境贫寒，上不起学的学生都可以得到政府的帮助。（whose引导定语从句）;【名师点津】1）关系代词that可指人。可与关系词which/who/whom互换，但是不可直接放在介词的后面作宾语 2）作宾语或表语时who与whom可互换，若紧跟在介词后面则使用whom；whom在从句中不作主语 3）关系代词作宾语时可省略（与介词连用时除外） 4）关系代词在从句中作主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于先行词; ﹡This is the very hotel （that） I stayed at when I was travelling here. 这就是我在这儿旅行时住过的旅馆。（that在从句中作宾语，可以省略） ﹡This is the very hotel at which I stayed when I was travelling here. 这就是我在这儿旅行时住过的旅馆。（which在句中作介词at的宾语，不可与that互换也不可省略） ﹡There was no person to whom I could turn for help in the street last night. 昨天晚上，街上没有一个我能够求助的人。（whom在句中作介词to的宾语，不能与who/that互换，也不可省略）; 三、关系代词指物时只用that不用which的情况 1. 当先行词为all, everything, nothing, anything, little, much等不定代词时 ﹡The old man tried to write down all that he had gone through in his life. 这位老人尽力把他平生经历的事情都写下来。（先行词为all） 2. 当先行词被very, both, the only, all, every, no，any,