光纤气体传感器的研究17页.doc

PAGE  PAGE 17 光纤气体传感器的研究 摘要 在现代生产、生活中，随着人们生活水平的提高，人类对生态环境净化的要求也越来越高，因此对于空气中的有害气体的实时检测显得尤为重要。尤其是像煤炭和化工等领域，对空气中有毒、有害气体的监测预报是亟待解决的问题。而光纤气体传感器在此领域内的应用及研究正蓬勃发展。本文首先根据测量方法的不同对光纤气体传感器进行分类，然后分别介绍每一种光纤气体传感器原理，分析及对比其各自的优缺点，接着落脚于目前生活中最有用途和最接近实用化的光谱吸收型光纤气体传感器，介绍其测量原理及特点，并对差分吸收检测和谐波检测两种基本的光纤气体传感器检测技术进行了详细的比较。最后通过举例介绍分布反馈式半导体激光器（DFBLD）构成的能够同时检测甲烷和乙炔两种气体的谐波检测系统以及由LED构成的甲烷时间差分检测系统，来进一步说明光纤气体传感器在实际生活中的应用。 关键词：光纤气体传感器；光谱吸收型；差分吸收检测；谐波检测 The Research of Optical Fiber Gas Sensor Abstract In modern production and life, with the improvement of living standards, the demands of human on the purification of ecological environment are getting higher and higher. Therefore, the real-time detection of the harmful gases in the air is particularly important. Especially as areas such as coal and chemicals, the detection and prediction of the toxic air, toxic gas monitoring and forecasting is a serious problem which should be solved. And the application and research of fiber-optic gas sensor in this field are booming. In this paper, firstly, based on different measurement methods, I make optical gas sensors to classify, and then introduced each of the principle of optical fiber gas sensor, analysis and comparison of their respective advantages and disadvantages. Then settled in the spectral absorption-based fiber-optic gas sensor which is the most closest to the practical use in the present life, introduce its measuring principle and characteristics, and carry out a detailed comparison of the differential absorption detection and the harmonic wave detection which are two basic fiber-optic gas sensor detection techniques Finally, through the examples of harmonic wave Detection System which is composed with the distributed feedback semiconductor laser (DFBLD) and can detective two gases as methane and acetylene at the same time As well as the methane time-difference detection system which is composed with the LED to make a further illustration about the applications of optical fiber gas sensor