命题剖析之的说明文.ppt

命题分析;年份;年份;1. 采用对比选择型命题方式的作文最多，有5个。 1999年，A/B型（2004年，2006年，2009年），Yes/No型（2007） 2. 采用给定观点命题方式的作文，有4个 2000，2001，2003，2008 3. 采用自由发挥型命题方式的作文，有2个 2002，2005;说明文;定义说明。下定义的语言要求科学严谨，指出事物本质，必须用肯定判断句。 例如：A friend is a person who shares the same feelings of natural liking and understanding, the same interest, etc. 分类说明：把说明的对象按照一定的标准划分成不同的类别，分成若干类或若干方面来说明。 例如：Friends can be divided into two kinds: true friends and superficial friends. A true friend is a person who…while a superficial one is… ;举例说明：举出事例来说明事物，好处在于能把比较抽象、复杂的事物或事理说得具体而明晰。 例如：Some selective courses have been offered this term. An Introduction to Chinese Traditional Culture, for example, gives us a lot of background knowledge of the history of Chinese philosophy, literature, and arts. 比较说明：用比较的方法说明事物的特征。 A/B A1,A2,A3----B1,B2,B3 A1,B1/A2,B2/A3/B3 ;比较性说明文的模式;比较之二：指出A 的优点之二，用拓展句加以说明。通过转折指出B的缺点，用拓展句加以说明。 第三段：得出比较结论，注意首尾观点一致。;Television as a Better Source of News;My statement that television is a better source of news is based on the following two reasons. The first reason is that television can report news more quickly. We can get the news at the same time when something is happening or immediately after something happened. While newspapers can only offer the news that happened a day or two days ago. ;The second reason is that television can report news more vividly and impressively. With sounds and pictures on the TV, we can be deeply impressed by the news as if we were personally on the spot. But when we try to get news from the newspaper, we have to concentrate our mind on the lines and use our imagination to form a concrete image, which is always tiresome and time-consuming. ;According to the above mentioned reasons, we can easily draw a conclusion that television is really a better source of news. ;二. 模式2： 如果作文要求比较两个事物的主要不同之处，可用下列结构 第一段： 引言句（一般用现象陈述法，提问法），引出要比较的两个事物；主题句指出两个事物存在着明显的差异或两个事物的不同特点。 第二段：直接评述A事物的主要特点，用拓展句加以说明；指出B事物的主要特点，用拓展句加以说明。 第三段：通过比较得出倾向性的结论，表明作者的态度。 ;The Main Difference between Exam-oriented