下腰背疼痛培训课件.pdf

TecnoBody Academy TecnoBody学院 SPINE 脊柱 The Trunk/Spine 躯干/脊柱 颈段 largest segment of body most significant functional unit for general movement integral role in upper and 胸段 lower extremity function relatively little movement between 2 vertebrae 人体最重要的部分，最重要 的功能单元，在上、下肢功 腰段 能运动时，脊柱一般作为运 动整体，2个椎骨间相对运 骶段 动较小 前面观 后面观 2 The Vertebral Column脊柱 7 cervical vertebrae develop as an Cervicothoracic junction infant begins to lift its head7块颈椎在婴 儿时期开始发育，以支撑抬头 12 thoracic vertebrae present at birth12 块胸椎在出生时就存在 5 lumbar vertebrae develop in response to weight bearing5块腰椎发育来支撑身体 Thoracolumbar junction 的重量 Sacrum - 5 fused vertebrae Lumbosacral junction Coccyx - 4-5 fused vertebrae 骶椎-5块 尾椎4-5 3 Vertebral Articulation椎关节 Superior articular process 上关节突 each articulation is a fully encapsulated synovial joint these are often called apophyseal joints 每一个关节完全由滑膜关节包 裹，通常被称为关节突关节 Inferior articular process 下关节突 Note: the processes are bony outcroppings.注意：关节突是骨骼外露性的。 4 Costal (Rib) Articulation Superior 肋骨关节 costal facet上肋关节面 Transverse Costal facet 肋骨横截面 Inferior costal facet下肋关节面 Note: the facets are the articular surfaces. 注意：这些面都是关节面。 5 Body椎体 Transverse process 横突 Vertebral foraman