第1讲科技英语语法特点.pptVIP

第一讲 科技英语语法特点;科技英语为什么一般使用被动语态?;Look at this sentence: “People heat the gas carefully.” Who are these people? The writer? The writer and his readers? All educated people? Everybody? All these confusing questions can be avoided by using the passive: “The gas is carefully heated.” ; 句子的主语非常重要。被动语态总是将主语放在句首，读者可以立即注意到关键信息。 ; 比较下面的句子: People use mathematics in many different fields. Mathematics is used in many different fields. ;1.叙述规则或一般原理 The pressure that makes electrons flow along wires is called “voltage”. All matter is made up of atoms. c. Many car engines are cooled by water.; Measurement of far-field radiation patterns of port TE11 of the TE01-TE11 converter is done when a circular waveguide TE01 mode is feed to the port TE01 and a circular waveguide horn of an opening diameter 40mm is loaded to the port TE11. The radiation patterns of E-plane and H-plane at 30.5GHz are given in Figure 4. ;Many pupils in school think of science as a subject containing more facts to be learnt. b. A new antenna is said to be constructed next month.;a. Before the antenna model is drown, a solution type must be specified. b. Attention must be paid to the function of the machine. ;英语中被动语态比汉语中使用广泛，特别是在科技英语中。这一点是英汉两种语言之间的重要区别之一。翻译时要正确处理，以保持英汉两种语言各自的特点。 英语被动语态的处理．当然不外乎两种方法：一种是仍保留为被动句；另一种是转换成汉语的主动句。;;The microstrip antenna should be carefully handled． 这种微带天线应小心处置。 Junction diodes are commonly used in switching applications. 结二极管常被用作开关。 ;The outside of the converter is made of steel plates. 转炉的外壳由钢板制成。 The screen is metal coated with chemicals that give off light when struck by the beam. 屏幕上涂有化学药品，在受到电子束撞击时即可发光。;A11 matter is made of atoms. 一切物质都是原子构成的。 Many car engines are cooled by water. 许多汽车发动机都是用水冷却的。 P1astic articles are not damaged by water. 塑料制品不会为水所损坏。;All these confusing questions can be avoided by using the passive. 所有这些使人混沼不清的问题．都可利用被动语态来加以避免。;;When a small voltage V is applied to a diode in the forward direction , there can be a small current to flow the diode