25多产轻质油品的延迟焦化工艺及工业应用(RIPP).doc

PAGE 1 PAGE 10 多产轻质油品的延迟焦化工艺及工业应用 王玉章，申海平，李锐 （石油化工科学研究院，北京 100083） 摘要：以沥青质含量为10.9%的新疆重质常压渣油为原料，在中型实验装置上进行了常规和多产轻质油品的延迟焦化实验。实验结果表明，多产轻质油品的延迟焦化可减缓加热炉炉管结焦；焦化蜡油80.60%转化成焦化汽油和柴油馏分，只有9.73%转化成焦炭。常规焦化和多产轻质油品延迟焦化的汽油、柴油性质变化不大，而焦化蜡油明显变轻，焦炭质量有所改善。通过装置工艺条件的适当调整，在工业焦化装置上采用多产轻质油品的延迟焦化技术加工新疆重质常渣可以减轻加热炉炉管结焦，保证装置的长周期运转，同时提高焦化汽油和焦化柴油馏分收率。 关键词：延迟焦化，结焦，焦化柴油，焦化蜡油，转化 1. 前言 延迟焦化是将渣油和低价值原料转化成气体，液体产品和焦炭的重油热加工工艺，它在渣油加工中发挥着十分重要的作用。目前我国延迟焦化总加工能力已达到3000×104t/a，在建的焦化装置加工能力还有500×104t/a。我国现有单套一炉两塔延迟焦化装置最大处理量为160×104t/a，新延迟焦化装置加热炉采用双面辐射加热、多点注汽、在线清焦等新技术，延长加热炉的操作周期，减少装置停工的机会。然而，延迟焦化在处理沥青质、硫和金属含量高的劣质渣油时，还会产生加热炉炉管结焦，生成弹丸焦等问题参 考 文 献 1 John D. Elliott delayed coking innovations and new design trends, AM-99-012, NPRA, 1999。 1〕。通常沥青质比较容易结焦，增加原料中的芳烃含量可以抑制弹丸焦的生成，减轻加热炉炉管结焦2 Gary L. Hamilton, Alok Bhargava, W.S. Louie, Flexibility—Delayed coking in the 90’s, AM-94-7, NPRA, 1994。 3 US 5,711,870, Storm, David Anthony, Ricci, Peter Charles, delayed coking process with water and hydrogen donors, January 27, 1998 DELAYED COKING WITH HIGH LCGO YIELD AND ITS APPILICATION Wang Yuzhang, Shen Haiping, Li Rui (Research Institute of Petroleum Processing, Beijing 100083) Abstract Xinjiang heavy atmospheric residue with asphaltene content of 10.9% was processed by conventional coking and High Light Coker Gas Oil yield technology (HLCGO) in a delayed coking pilot plant. Results show that HLCGO process can alleviate coke deposition in furnace tube. 80.60% of Heavy Coker Gas Oil (HCGO) was converted into naphtha and LCGO and only 9.73% of it was converted into coke. The properties of naphtha and LCGO produced by both processes are less difference, but HCGO produced by HLCGO process is much lighter compared to that produced by conventional process, and coke quality is slightly improved. Through adjusting operating conditions, Xinjiang heavy atmospheric residue was processed by HLCGO process in a commercial delayed coking unit. Result shows HLCGO process reduces coke deposition in furnace tube and no shot coke has be