中国及中国文化概况中英双语）.pptVIP

Basic Condition of China;People’s Republic of China ;;东部和中部地区 East and Middle part;中国古代历史上的三次大移民Three large scale immigration in ancient Chinese history;到了中国近代，从北向南的移民基本结束。但是中国人口的增加并没有停止，所以，这个时候，也有向其他方向移民的情况。最明显的，就是闯关东、走西口、下南洋。这三个方向的移民不分先后，从清朝乾隆 （1711—1799）年间开始，几乎是同时进行的。Immigration form North to South almost stopped in Modern China. But the population is still increaing, there’s also immigrations towards other directions. Most significiantly is 、 、 。These three immigrations started from Qing dynasty(1711-1799), almost at the same time. 闯关东是以山东和直隶人为主，目的地是东三省一带；走西口是以山西、陕西人为主，目的地是蒙古草原；下南洋是以广东和福建人为主，目的地是东南亚一带。 C is maily Shandong people and Zhili People, they moved to Northeast part of China; Immigration to the west is maily Shanxi, Shaanxi people, moved to Inner Mongolia grassland; Immigration to the south China sea maily Guangdong and Fujian people, they moved to southeast asia areas. ; 19世纪中期，随着人口压力的增加，及西方列强与中国先后发生的几次战争都迫使一大批生活在中国南方地区的人出海寻求新的居住地。 In mid 19th century, as the pressure of population rising and western countries’ invison, several wars, Chinese people went out to seek new habitats overseas 印尼2亿人，1000万华人； Indonesia has a total population of 2 billion, 10 million Chinese 马来西亚2500万人，600万华人； Malaysia has a total population of 25 million, 6 million Chinese 泰国6500万人，2000万华人； Thailand has a total pupulation of 65bmillion, 20 million Chinese 新加坡300万人，270万华人； Singapore has a total population of 3 milion, 2.7 million Chinese ; 农耕区的扩展伴随着移民的过程。在中国历史上，大量北方人从黄河流域迁居到长江流域从事农业生产。移民的过程形成了北方与南方的交通道路，也对今天中国方言区的形成起到决定性的影响。 Expanding of farming lands is with process of immigration. In Chinese history, a large amount of people from north immigrated to Yangzi river area engaging in agriculture. The process of immigration also conneced roads between North and South and had a determinative affect on formation of dialects. ;中国现代汉语主要方言区示意图 Diagram of modern Chinese dialect areas;Capital;Chairman;National flag;National emblem;National treasure;National flow