关节外科3D打印应用研究进展.docx

关节外科3D打印应用研究进展 吕震 （天津医科大学） 摘要：个体化治疗是骨科未来发展的方向，3D打印技术在不改变物理性状的基础上可以根据需求定制，实现三维精确解剖诊断以及骨科材料与部位的完美切合。目前3D打印应用在多个医学领域，在骨科创伤外科和脊柱外科领域均有广泛应用。在关节外科主要用于个体化假体、复合成骨细胞和生长因子的骨移植替代物、立体模型诊断、个体化手术导航模版。个体化假体和骨移植替代物将使关节假体有更好的生物切合性和生物力学特性。个体化手术导板可降低复杂关节外科手术的难度，提高手术的成功率和改善预后。立体模型诊断可以提高诊断的准确性和精确设计手术。 关键词：3D打印；关节外科；个性化假体；手术导航模版 Research progress of 3D printing in joint surgery Abstract: Individual therapy is the direction of the future development of orthopedics,3D printing technology can be customized according to the needs without changing the physical characteristics, to achieve accurate anatomical diagnosis in three-dimensional ,and make orthopedics materials match with surgical site completely .At present, 3D printing is applied in many medical fields, such as orthopedics trauma surgery and spinal surgery.In joint surgery is mainly used for individual prosthesis, bone graft substitutes combined with osteoblasts and growth factors, three-dimensional model diagnosis, individualized surgical navigation template.Individual prosthesis and bone graft substitute will make joint prosthesis have better biological and biomechanical properties.Individualized surgical guide can reduce the difficulty of complex joint surgery, improve the success rate of surgery and change the prognosis.Stereo model diagnosis can improve the accuracy of diagnosis and accurate design operation. Keyword: 3D printing; joint surgery; personalized prosthesis; surgical navigation template  3D打印即 HYPERLINK /view/516483.htm \t /_blank 快速成型技术的一种，它是一种以 HYPERLINK /view/1985496.htm \t /_blank 数字模型文件为基础，运用 HYPERLINK /subview/770892/7495529.htm \t /_blank 粉末状金属或塑料等可粘合材料，通过分层制造、逐层 HYPERLINK /view/278339.htm \t /_blank 打印的方式来构造物体的技术[1]。且在各个领域都有了长足的发展。个体化治疗是骨科发展的一个重要方向，个体化假体的应用理论上可改善骨关节假体与邻近骨性结构的匹配，从而改善病患功能状态。3D打印技术在不改变物理性状的基础上可以满足需求定制，实现材料与部位的完美匹配，因此3D打印在骨科领域应用已有较为广泛的应用。现就关节外科3D打印应用研究进展综述如下。 1、 3D打印技术及骨科应用现状 3D打印技术是以计算机三维设计模型为蓝本，通过软件分层离散和数控成型系统，利用激光束、热熔喷嘴等方式将金属粉末、陶瓷粉末等粘性材料通过分层制造、逐层打印的方式制造出实体产品。3D打印技术近