第5章 水培管理.ppt

第五章 常用水培和喷雾培 生产设施及管理Chapter 5 The facilities and managements of solution culture and spray culture ;;本章重点介绍The follows will be introduced:;水培是指植物部分根系悬挂生长在营养液中，而另一部分根系裸露在潮湿空气中的一类无土栽培方法。 Solution culture is the method of planting that allows parts of the roots suspending over the layer of nutrient solution, and parts of roots immerging in nutrient solution. ;喷雾培是指植物根系生长在雾状的营养液环境中的一类无土栽培方法。 Spray culture is the method of planting that allows all of or parts of roots suspending in the spray of nutrient solution. ;这两类无土栽培技术有别于基质栽培之处在于根系生长的环境是在营养液中而不是在固体基质中。 The main differences between solution culture and aggregate culture is the environment of roots growth. Solution culture provides the solution for root growth other than aggregate.; 水培根据其营养液液层的深度、设施结构和供氧、供液等管理措施的不同，可划分为两大类型： Solution culture can be divided into two types according to the depth of the layer of nutrient solution, the structure and solution supply and other managements. 一深液流水培技术(Deep Flow Technique, DFT)：指营养液液层较深、植物由定植板或定植网框悬挂在营养液液面上方，而根系从定植板或定植网框伸入到营养液中生长的技术。也称深水培技术； ;二是营养液膜技术(Nutrient Film Technique, NFT)：营养液液层较浅，植株直接放在种植槽槽底，根系在槽底生长，而营养液以一浅层在槽底流动的，有时也称浅水培技术。 Nutrient film technique (NFT) is a water culture technique in which plants are grown with their root systems contained in a trough which nutrient solution with very shallow in continuously circulated in order to ensure that sufficient oxygen supply. Some times it can be called as Nutrient Flow technique. ;喷雾栽培可根据根系是否有部分浸没在营养液层中而分为半喷雾培(有部分根系浸入营养液层中)和喷雾培(根系完全裸露在含有营养的雾状水汽中)两种类型。 Spray culture can be divided into 2 types: one is semi-spray culture, that some of roots emerged in nutrient solution, and the other is spray, that the roots exposed in spray containing nutrients.; 其设施都必需具备以下四个基本功能： (1)种植槽能盛装营养液而不致于渗漏； (2)能固定植株并不会使植株根颈部浸没在营养液中，同时能让部分根系伸入到营养液中生长(喷雾培的根系不需要浸入营养液层中，而半喷雾培的则需要)； (3)根系能吸收到足够的氧气； (4)根系和营养液处于黑暗之中，以利于根系生长并防止营养液中滋生绿藻。 ;第一节 深液流水培技术 ; 深液流水培技术在日本使用得很普及，我国的台湾省和大陆的许多地方也使用这一技术。目前已在我国