GeneTransferTechnique-MarslandPress基因转移技术锦泰.doc

Nature and Science, 3(1), 2005, Ma and Chen, Gene Transfer Technique PAGE  ·PAGE 32·  HYPERLINK  editor@ Gene Transfer Technique Hongbao Ma, Guozhong Chen Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48823, USA,  HYPERLINK mailto:hongbao@ hongbao@ Abstract: This article is describing the nine principle techniques for the gene transfection, which are: (1) lipid-mediated method; (2) calcium-phosphate mediated; (3) DEAE-dextran-mediated; (4) electroporation; (5) biolistics (gene gun); (6) viral vectors; (7) polybrene; (8) laser transfection; (9) gene transfection enhanced by elevated temperature, as the references for the researchers who are interested in this field. [Nature and Science. 2005;3(1):25-31]. Key words: DNA; gene; technique; transfer  1　Introduction Gene transfer is to transfer a gene from one DNA molecule to another DNA molecule. Gene transfer represents a relatively new possibility for the treatment of rare genetic disorders and common multifactorial diseases by changing the expression of a persons genes (Arat, 2001). In 1928, Griffith reported that a nonpathogenic pneumoccocus strain could become pathogenic when it was mixed with cells of heat-killed pathogenic pneumoccocus, which hinted that the pathogenic genetic material could be transformed from the heat-killed pathogenic pneumoccocus to the nonpathogenic strain (Griffith, 1928). This is the first report for gene transfer observation. However, the transforming substance was not identified in these experiments. Up to 1944, Avery et al demonstrated that deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) was the transforming substance (Avery, 1944). In 1952, Hershey and Chase showed that DNA was the only material transferred during bacteriophage infection, which suggested that the DNA is the genetic material (Hershey, 1952). The basic technique for introducing DNA into E. coli have inspired procedures fo