大学英语语法eLcture3.ppt

第三讲 形容词、副词 及其比较级、最高级;近几年在英语四六级翻译中的考查：;3.1形容词的修饰与位置 ;3.1.1 以-ly结尾的可能是形容词而非副词;3.1.2 以“a”开头的很多形容词只能做表语 ;3.1.3只作前置定语的形容词 ;3.1.4下列动词既是实义动词又是系动词，注意用做系动词时，要求形容词做表语 ;3.2形容词与副词的比较级与最高级 ;2)比较的成分是否属于同类事物或同类概念，既比较要具有可比性。 如： The number of registered participants in this year’s marathon was half ___ . [A] of last year’s [B] those of last year’s [C] of those of last year [D] that of last year’s （前后相比的应该是今年和去年注册参加的人数“the number of”故代替它的应该是单数指示代词“that”，而不能选择B，those是指代participants，不是同类对比，答案为D。 ;3)比较级与倍数词关系及其位置 原级结构中可插入表达倍数的词，表示为“为….若干倍”, 倍数词+as…as…,或倍数词+more…than…，但again一般放在原级词之后，即 “as+原级＋again + as”. 如: Smoking is so harmful to personal health that it kills people each year __ than automobile accidents. [A] seven more times [B] seven times more [C] over seven times [D] seven times “Do you regret paying__ as five hundred dollars for the painting ?”“No, I would gladly have paid for it.” [A] twice so much [B] twice as much [C] as much twice [D] so much twice ;4）下列词和短语不用比较级形式却表示比较概念： inferior, minor, senior, prior, prefer to, superior, major, junior, preferable, differ from, compared with, in comparison with, different from, rather than. 如: Their watch is _ to all the other watches on the market. [A] superior [B] advantageous [C] super [D] beneficial Prior to his departure, he addressed a letter to his daughter. (考研题) ;5）“比较级＋and +比较级”或“more and more / less and less +原级”以及“ever, steadily, daily等副词＋比较级”结构表示“越来越……”的意思，与这类结构搭配的常用动词有grow, get ,become等。 如： Things are getting worse and worse. As I spoke to him he became less and less angry. Her health was becoming daily worse . The road got ever worse until there was no road at all = the road got worse and worse. ;6)比较级前面可以用even, still, yet ,all the (more)等修饰语用以加强语气，表示“更加”的意思。 如： Today it is even colder than yeste