语法非谓语动词讲课范例.ppt

非谓语动词;考点一：不定式 在句中可以作除谓语外的任何成分 ;动词不定式的用法 I.作主语 (1)不定式做主语时，常用it作形式主语，将to do放在位于之后，使句子保持平衡。 To learn English well is useful。 =It is useful to learn English well。 句型1：It ‘s+adj+ to do 句型2：It’s + n. + to do It’s our duty __ help the poor. It is important_____ learn math well.;句型3： It is + adj + for sb to do sth（是形容事物的性质的 ） It is + adj + of sb to do sth（是形容人的品质的 ） e.g.It is easy ____ me to finish this work before ten. It is very kind ____ you to give me some help. Its impolite ____ you to speak to the teacher like that.;2.作宾语 (1)常见动词有：like, expect, want,begin, refuse, offer, fail, learn, seem, , forget, want, , afford, wish等 e.g.They wanted ____( get ) on the bus, didn’t they? He said he wished ____( be ) a professor.;(2)it作形式宾语 find/think/feel/make/ consider it+adj + to do sth. 1.I find___?easy___?read English every day. 2.We think _ important _ obey the law. 3.I think __ impossible __ finish so much homework in a day.;3)在某些句型中，，省去to的。 Why not do.........? Why dont you do....? had better do..... would rather do...... Could /Would /Will you please do....?;3.作宾语补足语 1）want, ask, tell,allow,encourage,advise等 e.g. 我的妈妈鼓励我学英语。 My mother encourages me to learn English。 否定形式： .... sb not to do sth tell sb not to do sth ; 2）在动词feel （一感），hear, listen to（二听），have, let, make（三让），notice, see, watch, look at（四看）等后面的补足语中，不定式不带to，但变为被动语态后，必须带to。如： They saw the boy fall off the tree. The boy was seen to fall off the tree. ;(3)help后面作宾语补足语的不定式可以带to,也可以不带to. I often help him （to）clean the room. I helped him (to) find his things. 练一练： 1.He is often heard ________(sing) the song. 2.Though he often made his deskmate ______(cry), today he was made ____(cry) by his deskmate.;4. 动词不定式作定语 ??? 动词不定式作定语常用来修饰名词或不定代词，放于所修饰的词后，为后置定语。例： ??? ??? She has no paper ________. 她没有纸写字？ ??? ??? When is the best time_____________ ?什么时候是种植蔬菜的最好时间？ ??? Do you have something______________ ? 你这有喝的吗？ I have some clothes __________;动词不定式（短语）作定语修饰名词时，与其所修饰的词具有一种动宾关系，