英译汉翻译技巧范例.ppt

英译汉技巧;一、英译汉翻译的基本程序;;二、英汉翻译的基本方法;;;顺译法（又名句型对应法）;;3.倒译法;;4.分译法;He unnecessarily spent a lot of time introducing his book, which the student are familiar with. 他花了很长时间介绍这本书，其实没有必要， 因为学生们对它已经很熟悉了。 They, not surprisingly, did not respond at all. 他们根本没有答复，这是不足为奇的。;;;;5.合译法;;英汉翻译中常用的各种技巧;1.英语名词→汉语动词;2.英语动词→汉语名词;;3.英语名词→汉语形容词;4.英语介词副词→汉语动词;5.英语副词→汉语名词;二、词类的增减;;;;三、语序调整;;定语从句;;;They are striving for the ideal which is close to the heart of every Chinese and for which, in the past, many Chinese has laid down their lives. 他们正在为实现一个理想而努力，这个理想是每个中国人所珍爱的，在过去，许多中国人曾为了这个理想而牺牲了自己的生命。;;;;;;4. 评论和表态中语序的调整： 英语的语序和汉语不同，英语先评论或先表态，再说有关情况，而汉语则相反，翻译时要按汉语习惯重新组织和排列句子的语序。如： Food is essential to life. 食物是维持生命不可或缺的。 总抱怨是没用的 It is useless to complain all the time. 在西方，人走在梯子下面是不吉利的。 It is unlucky to walk under a ladder in the western countries. ;; It doesn’t make much difference whether he attends the meeting or not. 他参不参加会议没有多大关系。 It is strange that she did not see her own shortcomings. 她竟然没看出自己的缺点，真奇怪。 ;四、语态的转换;;;三、表语从句;四、同位语从句;;;;第五节 英译汉常见问题;;;;二、句子结构不合理;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;习题演练 汉译英;;;;二、英语多长句，汉语多短句;三、英语多从句，汉语多分句; Interest in historical methods has arisen less through external challenge to the validity of history as an intellectual discipline and more from internal quarrels among historians themselves.(1999,72) 人们对历史研究方法产生了兴趣，这与其说是因为外部对历史作为一门知识学科的有效性提出了挑战，还不如说是因为历史学家内部发生了争吵。;On the whole such a conclusion can be drawn with a certain degree of confidence, but only if the child can be assumed to have had the same attitude towards the test as the other with whom he is being compared, and only if he was not punished by lack of relevant information which they possessed.(1992,75) 总的来说， 得出这样一个结论是由一定程度把握的，但是必须具备两个条件：一是能够假定这个孩子对测试的态度和与他相比的另一个孩子的态度相同；二是他并没有因缺乏别的孩子已掌握的有关知识而被扣分。;