中国古代杰出的5大女性.ppt

;Contents;Introduction;Wu Zetian entered the Tang palace at 13 and became a concubine （妾）of Emperor Taizong of Tang. She did not become a favorite of Taizong‘s, and after his death in 649, she might have been expected to spend the rest of her life as a Buddhist nun（尼姑）, like his other childless concubines. She was fortunate in that Empress Wang, the wife and empress of Emperor Taizong’s son and successor Emperor Gaozong, wanted another beautiful concubine to divert（转移） Emperor Gaozongs favors from Consort Xiao, with whom Empress Wang was having a desperate struggle. Wang had Wu brought back to the palace and made her a concubine of Emperor Gaozong. Consort Wu as she became known proceeded to defeat both Empress Wang and Consort Xiao in the struggle for Emperor Gaozongs affection, and subsequently, both Empress Wang and Consort Xiao were killed, and she was made empress.;1. In spite of her ruthless rise to power, Wu Zetian proved to be a very competent （能干的）monarch （君主）and throughout her reign the legacy of prosperity was bequeathed （遗留） ;2. Wu Zetian was eager to draw into her government all manner of talented people. She even encouraged people to volunteer their services if they consider themselves competent. The imperial examination system was further revised in order that no man of ability should be excluded due to his lowly birth. She also initiated the practice of personally interviewing candidates. In this way, many political talents were found and employed in the government. Such people included the famous prime minister, Di Renjie, Zhang Jianzhi, etc. ;3. Wu Zetian attached great importance to the development of agriculture. She ordered the construction of irrigation schemes, and commissioned（委任） the compilation （编写)of farming textbooks. Local officials were evaluated by the task of cultivating land. As an incentive for increased production, taxes were reduced and corvee(强迫劳役） upon the peasant population was eased. By allowing peasant farmers to retain mo