汉英翻译第12讲隐喻的译法.pptVIP

第十三讲 ;;一.直译法;(2) 清清的溪水，潺潺地流着，像仙女身上美丽的飘带，从高崖上伸展到遥远的地方去。 Ripping crystal streams stretched away into the distance from the towering bluffs like the beautiful streamers of a fairy maid. 以上两例中所用的明喻“像个老僧入定”和“像仙女身上美丽的飘带”，在英译时同样以明喻修辞手法，分别直译, 完全保留了原文风貌。;;（4）现在也有两座压在中国人民头上的大山，一座叫做帝国主义，一座叫做封建主义。 Today two big mountains lie like a dead weight on the Chinese people. One is imperialism, the other is feudalism. 例（3），（4）中的“纸老虎”和“大山”，均为隐喻，译文中也都用直译法，分别译作paper tigers 和 big mountains，保留了原文隐喻中的形象和修辞效果。 ;二.意译法;我半世的辛苦，全是替他们做马牛！ I’ve been slaving all these years just to make money for them. 抛弃了“牛马”的比喻形象，只译其“作苦工”的实在意义。 咱穷人，土地就是根本，没有土地，就站不住脚跟呀！ Land is vital to poor folk like us. Without land, we’re done for! 用be done for （完蛋，破灭）的含义，替代了“站不住脚跟”这一比喻。;太阳这么高了，大姑奶奶怎么还不露面？ It’s so late now, Why hasn’t my niece shown up? 汉语中“太阳高了”，指太阳已经升起，早晨的时间已过去了很长一段。翻译时只能译它的含义：“时间这么晚了”，译成It’s so late now。 ;还有一些人很骄傲，读了几句书，自以为了不起，尾巴翘到天上去了，可是一遇风浪，他们的立场，比起工人和大多数劳动农民来，就显得大不相同。 Others are conceited; having picked up some book-phrases, they think themselves terrific and are very cocky, but whenever a storm blows up, they take a stand very different from that of the workers and the great majority of the working peasants. 用cocky（骄傲自大）一词表达了“尾巴翘到天上去了”的含义。 ;三.转换法;接着他们用绳子五花大绑，把他捆得像个粽子似的，又是一阵拳打脚踢。他的嘴里鼻孔里鲜血直冒。 They gave him a good cuff and kick, trussed him up like a fowl and then went on walloping and kicking him again till his nose and mouth were a bloody pulp. 把原文（捆得像个）“粽子”的比喻形象换成（像绑起来的）“家禽”的比喻形象。 ;一些人清醒，多数被蒙蔽，少数是右翼骨干。 Among the members of these parties some keep their heads, many are deceived, and a small number make up the nucleus of the right wing. 把原文“骨干”的比喻形象换成nucleus（核心）的比喻形象。 ;我们很多人没有学好语言，所以我们在写文章做演说时没有几句生动活泼切实有力的话，只有死板板的几条筋，像瘪三一样，瘦得难看，不像一个健康的人。 It is because many of us have not mastered language that our articles and speeches expressions and resemble not a hale and healthy person, but an emaciated biesan, a mere bag of bones. 原文中的“几条筋”换成了a mere bag of bones(骨瘦如柴)。 ;她忽然提出了这么个问题，使余敬唐吃了一惊。立刻看出这姑娘还是个刚离娘窝的“