下肢深靜脈血栓的诊断与治疗进展.ppt

下肢深静脉血栓的诊断与治疗进展;下肢静脉的解剖;Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.;静脉血栓的形成（DVT）;美国每年约有50万人患此病，我国尚无统计数字，但并不少见。静脉血栓给社会带来沉重的社会负担和经济负担，主要原因是深静脉血栓和肺栓塞的治疗费用高昂。另外，首次发病之后一年内1／10以上患者再次复发。许多患者出现身体衰弱如下肢慢性肿胀、疼痛以及下肢溃疡。;深静脉血栓形成与肺栓塞是一个疾病的两个不同阶段。在我国长期以来，绝大多数PE被误诊、漏诊，是猝死的重要原因之一。近年来，由于临床医师高度重视，诊断技术不断提高，对这一高发病率、高漏诊率、高死亡率三高疾病进行正确的诊断治疗。成为血栓科、呼吸内科、心内科、血液科、周围血管科、外科、妇产科、中医科等临床医??研究的热门课题。 ;以下肢多见，通常首先发生在腓肠肌深静脉内，向上可以延伸至腘静脉、股静脉和髂静脉；上肢深静脉血栓较少见，可继发于静脉炎和导管留置术后。;Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.;危险因素;Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.;DVT形成机制;Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.;Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.;临床表现;Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.;Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.;Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.;DVT的临床表现类型;DVT的临床表现类型;Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.;诊断;（一）下肢周径的测量方法;（二）血管多普勒超声检查;Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.;(三）D-二聚体;（四）下肢上行性静脉造影;DVT的辅助检查;Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.;治疗;Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.;急性期药物治疗- 抗凝疗法;低分子肝素：低分子肝素不通胎盘屏障，孕妇使用较安全。主要由肾脏排泄，不需监测出血状况，除非在较特殊的情况下如肾衰竭（内生肌酐清除率 30mL/min ）、极度肥胖( 体重