2012定语从句[学生].docVIP

戴氏教育集团 璧山戴氏教育精品堂学校 2012年 高三 1VS1 李南希 专用学案 主讲：Carrie Pain past is pleasure. -  PAGE 11 - 定语从句 一．定义及相关术语 1．定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。 定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。 2．先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。 3．关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。 关系词有关系代词和关系副词。 关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等； 关系副词有when, where, why等。 关系词通常有下列三个作用： A、引导定语从句； B、代替先行词； C、在定语从句中担当一个成分。 例如：The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman. 二．关系代词引导的定语从句 1．who 指人，在定语从句中作主语。 The boys who are playing football are from Class One. Those who want to go to the museum must be at the school gate at 7 tomorrow morning. 昨天我帮助了一位迷路的老人。 那就是教我们物理的老师。 2．whom 指人，在定语从句中做宾语，常可省略。 Mr Liu is the person ( whom ) you talked about on the bus. Li Ming is just the boy ( whom ) I want to see. 你正在等的教授已经来了。 老师经常表扬的那个女孩是我们的班长。 3．Which 指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语，做宾语时常可省略。 Football is a game which is liked by most boys. The factory which makes computers is far away from here. The house which is by the lake looks nice. 他喜欢外国作家写的书。 这是他昨天买的钢笔。 4．That 指人时，相当于who 或whom；指物时，相当于which.。在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时常可省略。 The number of people that / who come to visit this city each year reaches one million.Where is the man that / whom I saw this morning? 你介绍给我的那个人很友好。 The season that / which comes after spring is summer. 昨天我收到了一封来自澳大利亚的信。 5．Whose 通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语。 I visited a scientist whose name is known all over the country. 我拜访了一个全国知名的科学家。 I once lived in the house whose roof has fallen in. 他有一个爸爸当医生的朋友。 注意：指物时，常用下列结构来代替： The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired. The classroom