句子主要翻译方法.ppt

三 句子的主要翻译方法;;1英汉句式结构比较与常见的句子翻译方法;形合与意合;;;;;;信息的安排方式;Loose: Read the book again if you have time. Periodic: If you have time, read the book again. 而在汉语中，主要信息的位置就不像在英语中那样自由。总的来说，汉语中的信息排列更多的是按事物的自然逻辑顺序排列，按照“先发生在前，后发生在后；原因、前提在前，结果、结论在后；铺叙在前，主旨在后；已知、确定、低值信息在前，新知、不确定、高值信息在后”的原则来组织行文，总是把次要部分放在句子开头，然后一步一步地展开，最后才得出结论或说明结果，摆出句子的主要部分，信息的焦点常在句末，其外形看上去就像一节一节的竹竿。例如：生活中既有悲剧，文学作品就可以写悲剧。（原因-结果） ;;;2一些英语特别句式的处理;定语从句的译法;;;较长的或对主导词限制力较弱、且与其关系松弛的定语从句，往往翻译时往后扩展，重复先行词，译成并列句。;4 They saw at once his face, which was puffy, solemn, and yellow at the best of times. 5 My grandmother lived in that leisurely age When servants were employed to do housework. 6 She was advised to go back home, where she belonged, not to come there taking honest men’s bread of their mouth. 7 It was getting dark, we had to quicken our pace and made our way rapidly towards the river where we hoped the boatman was waiting. ;;;;;;;;;表示目的;表示结果:;表示原因:;表示条件:;表示让步:;练习： 1.It was not until sixty years ago that a method of extracting aluminum ore was found which could lead to a cheap large-scale process. 2.He who would do such things would not deserve respect. 3.Electrical energy that is supplied to a lamp can be turned into light energy. 4.Mrs.Smith who has been married to her husband for nearly 20 years, still doesn’t know him very well.;5.She insisted on buying another coat and skirt, which she has no use for. 6.The nervous system consists of a great number of nerves, which like the blood vessels extend to all parts of the body. 7.There was an air about her which showed plainer than any words that she was both weary and disappointed. 8.He would have to be careful not to offend the foreman, who could give him the sack at any time.;9.Buried underground were bodies of plants and animals which were transformed into petroleum during the course of hundreds of millions of years. 10.Charlie, who never believed in interfering if it could be avoided, left her alone, hoping that she would eventually come around. 练习答案： 1.His dismissa