橡胶厂炼胶间炭黑粉尘的危害与防治(终)教程.doc

哈尔滨理工大学学士学位论文  PAGE \* MERGEFORMAT - 47 - 哈 尔 滨 理 工 大 学 毕 业 设 计 题 目：橡胶厂炼胶间炭黑粉尘的危害与防治 院、 系：测控技术与通信工程学院 安全工程系 姓 名： 安文博 指导教师： 殷金英 系 主 任： 周 真 2012年 6 月 13 日橡胶厂炼胶间炭黑粉尘的危害与防治 摘 要 炭黑是一种重要的化工原料，它主要用于橡胶工业中作为补强剂，油墨、涂料和塑料工业中作为黑色配合剂。此外也用于造纸、无线电元件中。相对于他的重要性，在橡胶厂中炭黑粉尘的污染也是一个非常严重的问题。 本文列出了炭黑粉尘的基本性质，它具有质轻、不亲水、易氧化等特点，所以其治理起来有一定的难度。通过查阅资料，并根据炭黑粉尘的性质，整理了炭黑粉尘对人员、环境、机械等的危害。之后分析炭黑粉尘的特点得出，治理炭黑粉尘不宜采用湿式除尘的方法，且普通的重力沉降室及旋风除尘器的效果也不加，所以通常要搭配以滤袋器为主的炭黑粉尘回收系统方可达到治理目的。并通过对以上几个方面的分析及工艺流程中的缺点提出了改革工艺流程、完善炭黑粉尘回收系统等治理措施。最后通过对炼胶间生产原料、设备及工艺流程的分析，并结合炭黑粉尘的排放量、排放速率和爆炸极限等法律法规，提出了控制及治理炭黑粉尘的方法和注意事项。最终达到防治炭黑粉尘的目的。 关键词：炭黑粉尘；橡胶；危害；治理；回收系统 HAZARDS AND PREVENTION OF CARBON BLACK DUST IN THE RUBBER PLANT RUBBER MIXING Abstract Carbon black is an important chemical raw material, it is mainly used as black as a reinforcing agent, inks, coatings and plastics industry with the agent in the rubber industry. In addition, for the paper, radio components. Relative to his importance in the carbon black dust in the rubber factory pollution is also a very serious problem. This article lists the basic properties of carbon black dust, it has a light, hydrophilic, and easily oxidized, so its governance there are some difficulties. Through access to information and the nature of the carbon black dust, finishing personnel, environment, machinery and other hazards of carbon black dust. After analysis on characteristics of carbon black dust, carbon black dust control should not be used wet dust removal method, and the normal gravity settling chamber and cyclone dust effect of no tax increases, usually with a bag device based carbon black The dust collection system in order to achieve the control purpose. And analysis on the above aspects and the shortcomings in the process of the reform process, to improve control measures such as carbon black dust recovery system. Finally, the mixing between the production of raw