1概论 2.ppt

Dr. He Jian tel:Email: hejian2000@;1Translation, Translating, and Translators;The definition and nature of translation;Translation consists in reproducing in the receptor language the closest natural equivalent of the source language(SL源语言), first in terms of meaning and secondly in terms of style. (Eugene A. Nida Charles R. Taber: The Theory and Practice of Translation, 1969) 从语义到文体在译入语中用最切近而又最自然的对等语再现原语的信息.;Translation may be defined as follows: The replacement of textural material in one language (SL) by equivalent textual material in another language.(TL). (Catford)Translation is a process in which the parole of one language is transferred into the parole of another with the content i.e.meaning unchanged. (Barhudarov) 翻译是一种创造性的工作，好的翻译等于创作，甚至还可能超过创作。（郭沫若）;...translation is first a science, which entails the knowledge and verification of the facts and the language that describes them-here, what is wrong, mistakes of truth, can be identified; secondly, it is a skill, which calls for appropriate language and acceptable usage; thirdly, an art, which distinguishes good from undistinguished writing and is the creative, the intuitive, sometimes the inspired, level of the translation; lastly, a matter of taste, where argument ceases, preferences are expressed, and the variety of meritorious translation is the reflection of individual differences. （Newmark）;翻译过程不仅涉及两种语言，而且还涉及两种社会文化，语言是文化的载体。翻译是通过语言机制的转换连接或沟通自身文化和异国文化的桥梁；翻译是具有不同语言文化背景的人互相交际、交流思想，达到相互了解的媒介。翻译是一项艰苦的创造性实践活动。它形成于社会、文化和语言现实之中，同时又为促进社会、文化和语言发展服务。 翻译属于交叉学科，它与语言学、符号学、修辞学、心理学、人类学等有着密切联系。它正在发展成为一个自成体系的独立学科——翻译学。;The definition of translation studies Translation studies is an interdiscipline containing elements of social science and the humanities, dealing with the systematic study of the theory, the description and the application of translation, interpreting, or both. Historically, translation studies has long been normative (telling translators how to translate), to the point that discussions of tra