Module7_Unit1_grammar_and_usage.ppt

Unit 1;Look at these sentences and pay attention to the difference.;从上面的句子我们可以看出，有些动词可以直接带宾语，如found, cooked, 而有些动词需要借助介词或副词才可以接宾语，如 waiting, looking forward to。;e.g. The little girl has learned French by herself already. More challenges lie ahead of me.;1. 宾语可以由名词、代词、动词不定式，动词的-ing形式或宾语从句来充当。 Scientists made great achievements in this field. When he is in trouble, his friends always help him a lot. ;She can manage to complete this task on time. Nobody knows what will happen in the future. Would you mind opening the window?;2. 直接宾语一般是事物，是及物动词动作的承受体；间接宾语一般是人，是及物动词动作的接受者。;常见的可接双宾语的及物动词 promise, spare, teach, save, tell, play, lend, cook , return, gain , forgive, offer, order,spell, bring, build, show, call, pass, change, draw, write, buy , choose, envy , find, give, send….;3. 用作宾语补足语的可以是名词、形容词、副词、介词短语或非谓语动词。宾语补足语与宾语相关联。;常见的可接宾语补足语的及物动词 prove, leave, want, consider, call, hold, prefer, find, select, beat, believe, see, feel, drive, keep, get, make, let, name, declare, suppose, paint, like, set….;Many home appliances are widely used in people’s daily life. The sports meeting is delayed because of this heavy rain.;不及物动词 不及物动词后不跟宾语，也不能用于被动语态。;许多动词既可用作及物动词，又能用作不及物动词。我们要根据具体的语境进行分析。;1. The construction of this road benefits the whole area. 2. It is predicted that both countries willbenefit from this agreement. 3. They suffered huge losses in the financial crisis. 4. The people in the mountainous areassuffered from poverty in the past.;有时英语动词的及物和不及物的用法，与汉语的用法不一样，请注意下列两种情况： a) 有的动词在英语里只能用作不及物动词，而汉语则可用作及物动词，如: arrive, agree，listen，英语里这些动词后面常接介词。 　　We arrived at the railway station at noon. 　　我们于中午到达火车站 。 （比较：We reached the railway station at noon.）;　　Everybody listened to the lecture withgreat interest. 　　每个人都很有兴趣地听讲课。　　（to不可省去） 　　（比较：We all heard the lecture.） 　　Do they agree to the plan? 　　他们同意这个计划吗？　　（to不可省去）;　　b) 有的动词在英语里能用作及物动词，而在汉语里则不能用作及物动词，如 serve（为……服务）。 　　Our children are taught to serve the people wholeheartedly. 　　我们的孩子被教以全心全意为人民服务。;