科技英语特点和翻译标准.docVIP

第  PAGE \* MERGEFORMAT - 24 - 页 共  NUMPAGES \* MERGEFORMAT 24 页 南阳师范学院  PAGE - 0 - CONTENTS CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION………………………….1 Demands of The New World…………………………………..1 English For Science and Technology………………………….2 CHAPTER TWO FEATURES OF ENGLISH FOR SCIENCEAND TECHNOLOGY……….2 Definition of EST……………………………………………….2 Lexical Features of EST………………………………………..3 Classification of EST lexicon…………………………………….3 Word formation in EST lexicon…………………………….…...6 Syntax Features of EST…………………………………………...8 Frequent use of the simple present tense……………….…..…..9 Predominance use of the passive voice………………………9 Extensive use of long sentences…………………………………11 Normalization of EST…………………………………12 CHAPTER THREE CRITERIA OF EST TRANSLATION……….…14 Criteria of Translation……………………………………14 Criteria of EST Translation…………………………………...15 Faithfulness…………………………………………16 Preciseness…………………………………………17 Conventionalization……………………………………18 Conformity to the age…………………………….……19 CHAPTER FOUR CONCLUSION……………………20 BIBLIOGRAPHY…………………………………….……..22 CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1 Demands of the New World ‘Knowledge explosion’ and ‘information explosion’ are two popular terms prevailing in the world today. Whether a country can acquire valuable knowledge and the latest information would doubtlessly matter greatly to its advance of science and technology and development of economy. (周方珠，2002：295). Over the last 50 years science and technology have developed rapidly all over the world. This expansion has been accompanied by an ever-increasing use of English in every area of scientific study. A UNESCO study(1957) estimated that something between 1 and 2 million scientific and technical articles，reports，patents and books were published annually，but about half of them were in English. Enormous and unprecedented expansion in scientific and economic activities created a world eagerly demanding for an international language, which fells to English. Since the middle of l