戴炜栋英语语言学概论Chapter 1.ppt

Requirements for the course;Contents to Learn;Chapter 1 Introduction ;What is linguistics?; General linguistics;The major branches of linguistics (1);The major branches of linguistics (2);Some important distinctions in linguistics ;prescriptive vs. descriptive;synchronic vs. diachronic;speech writing;langue parole;competence performance;traditional grammar modern linguistics;What is language?;Language is a system.;Language is arbitrary.;Language is a system of vocal symbols.;Language is human-specific.;Design features;Productivity;Duality (double-structured);Displacement;Cultural transmission;Functions of language;Descriptive function;Expressive function;Social function;Russian-born structural linguist Roman Jakboson: six basic functions British linguist M. A. K. Hallidy (韩礼德): three functions: the ideational, the interpersonal, and the textual. ;Assignments