medical Engl的ish exercises.ppt

exercises;;A medication is a substance administered for the diagnosis, cure, treatment, relief, or prevention of disease. In the health care context, the words medication and drug are used interchangeably. In the United States and Canada, medications are usually dispensed by the order of physicians and dentists. The written direction for the preparation and administration of a drug is called a prescription. A drug may have four different names: First, the generic ( family ) name, given before a drug becomes official. Second, the official name, the name under which it is listed in one of the official publications ( e.g. the United States Pharmacopoeia ). Third, the chemical name, which describes the drug constituents precisely. Fourth, the trademark, or brand name, the name given by the drug manufacturer. Because a drug may be manufactured by several companies, it can have several trade names. Medications are often available in a variety of forms, such as solution, capsule, cream, paste, pill, powder, syrup, tablet, and so on. ;药物是用于疾病的诊断、治疗、缓解症状或预防的物质。在医学文献里，medication 和drug这两个词可以交替使用。美国和加拿大，药物通常是根据医嘱来配发的。药物配制和使用的书面指导叫做处方。药物有四种不同的命名：一是属名，用于药物在药典许可之前的命名。二是法定名，即罗列在官方出版物（如：《美国药典》）里的命名。三是化学结构名，准确描述药品的化学成分。四是商品名，或者叫商标名，是由药品生产厂家给的名。由于某种药物可能由几个厂家生产，所以这种药品就会有几个商品名。药品通常有不同的剂型，例如：溶液、胶囊剂、乳膏、糊剂、丸剂、散剂、糖浆剂、片剂，等等。;Words used in hospital: Reception Counter Registration Medical card Medical insurance Medical record Initial visit Nationality Marital status ;Cardiology Dermatology Ear,Nose Throat Clinic Endocrinology Gastro-enterologist Hematology Internal Medicine Neurology Obstetric-gynecology Oncology Ophthalmology Orthopedics Pathology Pediatrics Physiotherapy Pulmonary Psychiatry ;Radiology (X-ray) Rheumatology Stomatology (Dental) Surgery Thoracic Toxicology Ultrasound ( Ultrascan) Urology Vascular Infectious Department;Anesthesiologist Dermatologist Hepatologist Ophthalmologist Pharmacologist Pulmonologist Toxicologist Neurologist Urologist Cardiologist Hematologist Oncologi