英语替代词使用技巧.doc

英语替代词的使用技巧 为使表达简洁明了，我们常用it, one, ones, that, those等替代词来替代前面已经出现的名词。从近几年的高考英语情况来看，考查替代词的用法和区别一直是高考英语的一个热点。 ?一、替代表泛指的单数名词通常用one。如： Two heads are better than one. I lost my old camera; this is a new one. Did you get a ticket?—Yes, I managed to get one. 我设法搞到了一张。 注：若one前没有形容词的修饰，则其前不能有不定冠词。比较： I’m looking for a flat. I’d like a small one with a garden. I’m looking for a flat. I’d like one with a garden. 我正在找一套公寓，想找一套带花园的。(不能说：... a one with a garden.) 没有形容词修饰one前不能用不定冠词，但可用another。如： This pen doesn’t work. I must buy another one. 这支钢笔坏了，我要另买一支了。 另外，注意它与表特指的it的区别。如： Can you lend me a pen?—Sorry. I haven’t got one. 对不起，我没有钢笔。 Can I borrow your pen?—Sorry, I’m using it. 我能借你的钢笔吗?我自己正在用。 ?二、替代表特指的单数名词可用it, that, the one。三者的区别是： 1. 替代单数可数名词时，三者均可用；替代不可数名词时，不能用the one，而要用it或that。此时it与that的区别是：表示同一事物时，用it；表示同类事物时，用that或the one。如： The weather here is too cold. I don’t like it. (it在此就指前面提到的the weather) The weather of Beijing is colder than that of Guangzhou. (that在此指代的天气与前面提到的天气为同类) My uncle bought me a dictionary and I like it very much. (it在此就是指前面提到的叔叔给我买的词典) Your dictionary is more useful than the one my uncle gave me. (the one在此表示与前面提到的词典为同类) 2. 替代事物时，三者均可用；替代人时，只能用the one。如： Who is her husband?—The one by the window. 窗户边的那一位。 注：当要替代性别不明的婴儿时可用it。 3. 当有前置定语修饰时，只能用the one。如：Which do you want?—The red one. She would rather have the small one than the large one. 她宁愿要小的，不要大的。 4. 当有后置定语修饰时，通常用the one。如： My room is better than the one next door. 我的房间比隔壁房间好。 He said he would have the one near him. 他说他要靠近他的那一个。 Is that the one that was published recently? 是最近出版的那一种吗? Here are six rings. Pick out the one you like best. 这里有六枚戒指，选出你最喜欢的一枚。 但是，若后置定语为of引起的介词短语，则通常用that。如： The population of China is much larger than that of Japan. A grandparent’s job is easier than that of a parent. 祖父母的任务比父母的任务要轻松一些。 三、替代表泛指的复数名词通常用ones。 Green apples often taste better than red ones. 青苹果往往比红苹果好吃。 We can lend you plastic chairs or metal ones.我们可以借给你塑料椅子或者金属椅子。 四、替代表特指的复数名词通常用the ones。 I’d like