新编大学英语外研社第二版1]Unit4语法知识补充rose.ppt

Unit 4 语法知识补充;1.部分倒装;例：1.●The teacher came in．（正常语序） ●In came the teacher．（完全倒装） 2.●We can learn English well only in this way. （正常语序） ●Only in this way can we learn English well. （部分倒装） ; ;2. 以only修饰的副词、介词短语或状语从句(自身不倒装)位于句首时,常用部分倒装句。 例：▲Only in a big city was it possible for him to buy a wheelchair． ▲ Only after I read the text over again did I know its main idea． ． ▲ Only after I read the text over again did I know its main idea． ;3.在as以引导的让步状语从句中,谓语动词以后的部分倒装（提到as之前）。 例：Young（Child）as he is，he knows a lot about computer．（句首冠词省略） ★注：在as(表示“尽管”)引导的让步状语从句中,必须倒装。且被倒装的部分一般分为三种： 表语、状语和动词原形。 ;▲1）倒装部分的表语是不带定语的单数可数名词,前边的冠词a（an）要省去（上例）； ▲2）倒装部分为状语 例：●Much as I hate him, I will not kill him. ▲ 3）倒装部分的动词原形常与 may、might、will、would等词连用, 而这些词都要保留在原来的位置上。 ;例：●Try as he might, Tom could not find a job. （倒装部分为不及物动词try） 4. “so+adj. / adv.”位于句首时的倒装 副词so后接形容词或副词位于句首时，其后用部分倒装： 例:● So fast does light travel that we can hardly imagine its speed. 光速很快，我们几乎没法想像它的速度。;5.表示否定意义的副词或连词位于句首时,要用倒装。 常见的这类词语有：not、never、seldom、rarely、hardly、by no means、at no time, on no accounts 、little等。 例：●Never shall I forget the day． ●By no means shall we understand you. ;5.几个否定关联词组连接的两并列分句 ▲1). not only…but(also)…连接的分句前倒后正。 例：●Not only was the city polluted but (also) the streets were crowed. ▲2) no sooner... than；hardly…when…； scarcely…when (before)…等连接的分句前倒后正。 ;例：●No sooner had he finished the talk than a man stood up and put forward a question. 3). not until…连接的分句前正后倒。 例：●Not until all the fish died in the river did the villagers realize how serious the pollution was. ;4). neither…nor…连接的分句前后都倒,并且每个分句一般都是部分倒装。 例：●Neither does he work hard, nor is he proud of being a student of this university. ★注：如果以上所讲的这些否定关联词组连接的不是两个分句(中间以逗号连接),就不用倒装了。 例：Neither he nor his classmates are right . ;2.should虚拟 1） It is + adj./n （如important） that…+ (should) do…　结构中的主语从句的谓语动词要用should 加动词原形， should 可省略。 ▲需