U1AdvertisingGrammarWriting课件（牛津版必修4）.ppt

Unit 1 Advertising;一、概述 直接引述别人的原话，叫直接引语。用自己 的话转述别人的话，叫间接引语。间接引语 在多数情况下构成宾语从句。直接引语一般 前后要加引号，间接引语不用引号。 二、直接引语变间接引语时应注意的问题 直接引语变为间接引语时，句型、时态、人 称、语序、指示代词等要做相应的变化。;句型的变化 (1)陈述句变为间接引语时，用that引导(口语中可省略)，变为宾语从句。 My father said, “I will see a friend off tomorrow.” →My father said (that) he would see a friend off the next day. “Its a secret，” he said to me. →He told me that it was a secret. He says, “I like singing and I want to be a singer.” →He says (that) he likes singing and that he wants to be a singer.;[点津] (1)直接引语为陈述句时，若引述动词是say to sb.，则通常改为tell sb.。 (2)及物??词后跟两个(或两个以上)宾语从句时，只有第一个连词that可以省略。 [助记]　陈述句式直接引语变为间接引语的口诀： 去掉引号加that，人称变化要灵活；主从时态要一致，状语变化要明确；客观规律永不变，动词变化有一个。;(2)一般疑问句、反意疑问句变为间接引语时，要用连词whether或if引导；选择疑问句变为间接引语时，常用whether ...or ... Tom said，“Did you go to the British Museum yesterday？” →Tom asked me if I had gone to the British Museum the day before. “You have finished the homework, havent you？”his mother asked. →His mother asked him whether he had finished the homework.;He said，“Do you want to go by train or by plane？” →He asked me whether I wanted to go by train or by plane. [点津]　直接引语为疑问句时，若引述动词为say, 改成间接引语时应将其改为ask。 [助记]　一般疑问句式直接引语变为间接引语的口诀： whether/ if接引语，陈述语序莫忘记；人称、时态和状语，变化需用陈述句。 (3)特殊疑问句变为间接引语时，用原疑问词引导，变为宾语从句。语序改为陈述句语序。;The teacher asked Nancy, “What are you doing？” →The teacher asked Nancy what she was doing. [助记]　特殊疑问句式直接引语变为间接引语的口诀： 疑问词接引语，陈述语序莫忘记；人称、时态和状语，变化需用陈述句。 (4)祈使句的间接引语形式多采用“动词＋宾语＋动词不定式”结构。常见的引述动词有ask, tell, beg, warn, remind, advise, order等。;The soldier said to us, “Please stand closer to me.” →The soldier asked us to stand closer to him. “Dont play in the street！” the father said to his son. →The father warned his son not to play in the street. [点津] (1)直接引语为祈使句，若句中没有称呼语，变为间接引语时，应根据句意给动词ask, tell, order等补上适当的宾语。 (2)直接引语祈使句中的please在间接引语中必须省去。;动词时态的变化 (1)如果引述动词为现在时态，间接引语的动词可以保持原来的时态。 He says, “I have been writing a novel.” →He says that he has been writing a novel. (2)如果引述动词为过去时态，间接引语中的时态变