unit1advertisingGrammarandusage学案（牛津译林版必修4）.doc

PAGE  PAGE 4 Unit 1 1 Advertising学案 Grammar and usage 第一部分：重点讲解 Direct Speech and Indirect Speech 引语的概念 直接引述别人的原话，叫直接引语 用自己的话把别人的话陈述出来，叫间接引语 直接引语通常都用引号“ ”括起来， 间接引语在多数情况下都构成一个宾语从句 SUMMARY  1 直接引语是陈述句,变为间接引语时用连词that引导宾语从句.从句中的人称,时态,指示代词,时间状语,地点状语等相应变化. １、人称的变化 一随主，二随宾，第三人称不更新 一随主：引号内的第一人称变间引后与主句主语的人称保持一致 She said,“ I like Tennis.” She said that she liked tennis 二随宾：引号内的第二人称变间引后与主句宾语的人称保持一致 He said to Lily,“ you must get up early” He told Lily that she must get up early 第三人称不更新：引号内的第三人称在变间引后人称不变 She said to me, “They want to help him” She told me that they wanted to help him 2. 时态变化 直接引语 间接引语 一般现在时 一般过去时 现在进行时 过去进行时 一般过去时 过去完成时 现在完成时 过去完成时 一般将来时 过去将来时 注: 直接引语若是客观真理,变为间接引语时,时态不变. SUMMARY 2 直接引语是疑问句，变间接引语时，要从疑问语序变为陈述语气。 直接引语是一般疑问句,变为间接引语时,用连词if或whether连接。 直接引语是特殊疑问句,变为间接引语时,仍用原来的疑问词作连词来引导。 SUMMARY 3 直接引语是祈使句，变成间接引语，把动词原形变成动词不定式，并在动词不定前加tell, ask, order ,beg ，advise等动词的的宾语。 注意：否定句，在动词不定式前加not或never. 注意事项  1) 人称 2) 时态 3) 相应的时间地点状语 4) 标点符号 5） 大小写 6） 问号改为句号 7） 语序疑问改陈述 8） 宾语从句由什么引出 9) 祈使句要使用动词不定式来引述 第二部分：练习 单项选择  1. My father ____ smoke heavily , but now he doesnt smoke any more . A. use to B. was used to C. used to D. was used 2. You cant imagine ____ boy can do _____ work . A. so little, so much B. such little, such much C. so little a, such much D. such a little ,so much 3. The doctor ____ me to spend several days at the seaside, so that I’ll ____ soon. A. considered; hold up B. hoped; bring up C. suggested; take up D. advised; pick up 4. —How about fried chicken? —Oh, it ___ lots of fat. A. remains B. contains C. holds D. includes 5. You can not imagine the difficulty they had ____ the problem. It isn’t ____ easy. A. to solve; so B. solved; so C. solving; that D. solved; that 6. I’m just wondering ____ I first met Tom. A. where it was that B. that was it where C. where was it that D. that was it where 7. Education ____ white settler