第五讲;被动、虚拟、助动词、非限定动词综述.ppt

英语语法 English Grammar ;Tasks for Today;Passive Voice被动态（Chapter14-15）;;被动态;1.主动句与被动句相互转换的限制性;1.主动名与被动句相互转换的限制性;1.主动名与被动句相互转换的限制性;;被动态;2.两种被动句型的转换;被动态;;被动态;被动结构还是系补结构;Chapter 16 Subjunctive Mood;B) 名词+that-clause (appositive clause): e.g. We were faced with the demand that this tax be abolished. C) 用在一些形容词后的真实主语从句中 如形容词:advisable, appropriate, desirable, essential, fitting, imperative, important, impossible, necessary, obligatory, proper等 e.g. It is essential that all the facts be examined first. It is necessary that he come back without delay. I thought it advisable that an armed guard stand in readiness. ; 2) 用于由if, though whatever, lest ,so long as 等引导的分句中 表示推测,让步,防备等含义 （正式书面语） If the rumour be true, everything is possible. Though everyone desert you, I will not. Whatever be his defense, we cannot tolerate this disloyalty. ;3) 用于某些公式化语句中 Long live the People’s Republic of China. God bless you! So be it. Suffice it to say that I know nothing. Far be it from me to call him a thief. I will stay here with you if need be. ; 16.2 were-型虚拟式 were 型虚拟式只有一种形式,即不管主语是什么,动词一律用过去式, be 动词一律用 were 1）常用于if, if only, as if, as though, though 引导的非真实条件状语从句 If I were you, I should wait till next week. If it were to rain, the game would be put off. He spoke to me as if I were deaf. ;2）用于wish, would rather, suppose, imagine 引导的从句中,也表示非真实的臆想 I wish it were spring all the year round. I’d rather I were not at the site of the accident. Suppose the earth were falt. Just imagine everyone were to give up smoking. ;16.3 假设意义表示法综述 1)表示假设意义的一些结构 A) It’s time that… e.g. It’s time we went to bed. You’ve been working hard. It’s time you took a rest. It’s high time we left this place. B) I would rather/ sooner that… e.g. I would rather she got home a little earlier. I’d rather he told me the truth. C) If only… If only I knew her address.; D) behaves as if/ as though… He behaves as if he owned this place. She was sitting quietly in the ga