专题10 连词和状语从句.doc

专题十 连词和状语从句 【2014考纲解读】 定语从句的用法较为复杂，高考除了单独考查定语从句知识外，还常常结合句式结构、时态等来综合考查。纵观近几年各地高考试题，不难发现其考点主要包括： 1．考查关系代词和关系副词的区分。如：that，which和where，when的区分； that，which和why的区分等。 2．考查whose的使用。whose可以指代人或物，在定语从句中作定语，后跟名词。指物时，whose＋名词＝名词＋ of which ＝ of which＋名词。如： The classroom whose door/the door of which/of which the door is broken is on the second floor. 3．考查as/which引导的非限制性定语从句。尤其要重视which，as引导的非限制性定语从句和it，what引导的主语从句的区分。 4．考查定语从句中的主谓一致现象。如： I, who am your close friend, will try my best to help you whenever you are in trouble. 5．考查“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句。“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句，关系代词指人时用whom，指物时用which，不能用that。关系代词作定语时也可用whose。如： The teacher in front of whose house stands a tall tree is very patient with his students. 6．考查一些特殊的先行词。如：当situation, point, case, activity，scene及period, festival, occasion等出现时，要注意具体情况具体分析；作主语、宾语和表语时，用关系代词that/which; 作状语时，用关系副词where/when或“介词＋which”，表示在某种特定的情形下。 7．考查定语从句、强调句、时间状语从句等的区别。如： The news that he had passed the exam pleased him and his family.(同位语从句) The news (that) he told me this morning is not interesting. (定语从句) It was 1914 when the war broke out.(时间状语从句) It was in 1914 that the war broke out.(强调句) 2014年高考对定语从句的考查仍将不会单纯地考查其语法结构，而是把它融入到一定的语境中来考查考生的实际综合运用能力。 【重点知识梳理】 一时间状语从句 (一)when，while与as引导的时间状语从句 1．when，while与as引导时间状语从句的区别 连词 谓语动词 用法点津 when 延续性动词 非延续性动词 从句的动作和主句的动作可以同时发生，也可以先后发生 while 延续性动词 从句的动作与主句的动作同时发生 as 延续性动词 强调主从句动作相伴发生，可译为“一边……一边……；随着” When they heard the news that Shenzhou Ⅸ had been sent up into space successfully，they jumped with joy. 听到“神舟”九号成功发射的消息，他们高兴地跳了起来。 While I was reading，he came in. 我正在看书时，他进来了。 The students sang as they walked. 学生们边走边唱。 2．while还可以作并列连词，表示对比，意为“而，却”。 Liu Wang is from Shanxi while Liu Yang comes from Henan. 刘旺来自山西，而刘洋来自河南。 例(2013·全国Ⅰ，32)Theres no way of knowing why one man makes an important discovery ________ another man, also intelligent, fails. A．since　　　　　　　　　B．if C．as D．while 3．when也可以作并列连词，意为“这时，那时”。 We were having a meeting when someone broke in. 我们正在开会这时突然有人闯了进来。 (二)before与since引导的时间状语从句 1．before与since的常用句式 连