初中形容词详解及相关练习.doc

【知识详解】 一、形容词的定义 结构特点 以-able,-al,-ful, -ic,-ish,-less,-ous,-y等后缀结尾, 如:changeable, medical, careful, magic, foolish, careless, delicious, healthy, rainy等. 二、形容词的用法 1.用作定语 Li Mei is a beautiful city girl. 2.用作表语 The English story is very interesting. 常见的后跟形容词作表语的动词: ①become, come, fall, get, go, grow, make, turn(表示变成某种状态) ②continue, hold, keep, lie, remain, stay(表示保持某种状态) ③appear, feel, look, smell, sound, taste, know(表示感觉) 例如: He turned red when he heard the news. Its going to stay cold for some time. The beer tastes very delicious. 3.用作宾语补足语 Dont keep the door open. His success made him happy. 4.the+形容词,表示一类人或事物 The old often think of old things. The new always take the place of the old. 5.少数形容词只能作表语,不能作定语. 这些形容词包括 ill,asleep,awake,alone,alive,well,worth,glad,unable,afraid等. (正)Dont be afraid. (误) Mr Li is an afraid man. (正)The old man was ill yesterday. (误)This is an ill person. 6.少数形容词只能作定语,不能作表语. 这些形容词包括 little, live(活着的),elder, eldest 等.例如: (正)My elder brother is a doctor. (误)My brother is elder than I. (正)Do you want live fish or dead one (误)The old monkey is still live. 三、形容词的位置 1.形容词一般放在名词前作定语 2.特殊记忆 (1)形容词修饰不定代词时须后置. She has something new to tell me. I have nothing important to do today. (2)形容词后面有介词短语或不定式短语时,形容词须后置.例如: It is a problem difficult to work out. Edison is a student difficult to teach. This is a kind of flowers easy to grow. (3)在以下特殊用法中,形容词置于所修饰的名词之后.例如: All people, young or old, should be strict with themselves. We are building a new school, modern and super. All countries, rich and poor, should help one another. (4) enough和possible Do you have enough time(time enough)to prepare Maybe it will be a possible chance(chance possible)for you.或许它将成为你的一次可能的机遇. (5)有些形容词,置于名词之前与之后,含义不尽相同.例如: the writer present 出席的作家 the present writer 当代的作家 3.两个以上的形容词修饰同一个名词时的排列顺序 限定词→表示观点的描绘性形容词→表示大小,长短,高低的形容词→表示形状的形容词→表示年龄,新旧的形容词→表示色彩的形容词→表示国籍,地区,出处的形容词→表示物质,材料的形容词→表示用途,类别的形容词→名词中心词.例如: an exciting international fo