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护理系论文
鄂州大学2004级毕业设计（论文）
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老年糖尿病并发脑梗死的护理
护理系2004级护理(4)班 黄晓华 436000
[摘 要] 糖尿病是一种发病率极高的全身代谢性疾病。脑梗死是糖尿病常见的并发症之一，通过饮食护理、心理护理及瘫痪肢体的功能锻炼等方面的综合性护理，能明显提高患者的冶愈率及好转率。
[关键词] 糖尿病；脑梗死；护理
目 录
1 临床资料···························································································3
2 护理···································································································3
2.1 饮食护理························································································3
2.2 严密观察病情·················································································3
2.3 密切观察血糖的变化······································································4
2.4 口腔及预防褥疮的护理··································································4
2.5 心理护理························································································4
2.6 功能锻炼························································································4
3 药物治疗···························································································5
3.1 口服降糖药·····················································································5
3.2 降糖药的护理·················································································5
3.3 胰岛素的护理·················································································5
参考文献································································································6
糖尿病并发脑梗死约占脑梗死患者的14%，老年糖尿病患者发生脑梗死较非糖尿病老年人更为严重，病死率也较高，约1/3患者脑梗死发病前不知患有糖尿病，仅于全面检查或出现合并症时才被发现。但因常用药物，如静滴葡萄糖、甘露醇及低分子右旋糖酐等与 HYPERLINK /Medicine/ \t _blank 治疗非糖尿病脑梗死相同的药物都含有葡萄糖，如未查出原发病，机械 HYPERLINK / \t _blank 应用上述含糖药物就会加重病情。所以及时诊断关系到患者的治疗及预后。为此对脑梗死患者入院后及时排除有无糖尿病甚为重要。实施护理时要根据脑梗死伴糖尿病患者的特点，重视对原发病的护理。
1 临床资料
我实习医院于2000-2002年共收治糖尿病并发脑梗死老年患者56例，男40例，女16例，年龄63~82岁，平均73岁，均为NIDDM型糖尿病。其中患糖尿病≥10年28例，＜10年20例，起病前未诊断糖尿病8例。参照WHO诊断及分类标准，所有患者均行头颅CT确诊为脑梗死，其中瘫痪肢体肌力0级7例，Ⅰ级9例，Ⅱ级12例，Ⅲ级8例，Ⅳ级20例；伴高血压23例。
2 护理
2.1 饮食护理
糖尿病饮食治疗是一项基本治疗措施，不论糖尿病的类型、病情轻重、有无并发症、是否应用药物治疗，都应严格控制饮食才能
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