汉译英翻译方法稿.ppt

汉译英常用翻译技巧 讲座人：乔劲松 文理基础学院 英语一教研室 1.英汉两种语言的最为主要差别： 英语为形和语言，句子内部各个成分之间联系紧密，十分讲究语法。（标点符号、时态、被动语态等） 汉语为意合语言，结构相比较而言松散，更多依赖句子内部各成分的顺序。 研究结果表明，无论我们白天做了什么事情，晚上都会做大约两个小时的梦。 Research findings show that we spend about two hours dreaming every night, no matter what we may have done during the day. 有些人往往责怪别人没有尽最大努力，以此来为自己的失败辩护。 Some people tend to justify their failure by blaming others for not trying their best. 她可以编造一个故事，说自己被窃贼打昏，所有的钱都没了，但她怀疑自己是否能让这故事听起来可信。 She could make up a story by saying she was knocked unconscious by thieves and that all her money was gone, but she doubted whether she could make it sound believable. 2. 汉译英中主语的选择 什么都不能束缚你。 You are bound by nothing. 在美国，人人都能够买到枪。 The guns are available to everyone. 可以从网上获得这一消息。 This news is available on internet. 谁也不能以不懂法律为自己辩解。 Ignorance of law excuses no man. 3.对等译法： 扪心自问，他不得不承认自己是错了。 By searching his heart he could not but admit that he was in the wrong. 他们个个摩拳擦掌，士气很高，准备再打一个漂亮仗。 Everyone of them rolled up his sleeves for battle, high in morale and ready to win another brilliant victory. 古人择水而居。 In ancient time, people used to settle by water. 他硬是让我陪着他，差不多要动武了。 His determination to have my company bordered on violence. 发展是硬道理。 Development is primary/cardinal/absolute. 你为什么引狼入室？ Why did you set the wolf to keep the sheep? 他讨厌游手好闲的人。 I dislike the people eating the bread of idleness. 你真是福星高照。 You have a lucky star above you. 4.增词译法： 他喜欢指出别人的缺点，但用意是好的。 He likes to point out other people’s shortcomings, but he means well.(增加主语) 你越讲空洞的大道理，人家越感到讨厌。 The more you elaborate on empty theories, the more people feel disgusted with them.(增加宾语） 早知道他有病，我就不会叫他来了。 If I had known he was ill, I would not have asked him to come.(增加连接词） 1976年7月28日，唐山发生了大地震。 On July 28,1976, a big earthquake took place in Tangshan.(增加介词） 三个臭皮匠，胜过诸葛亮。 The wit of three cobblers combined surpassed that of Zhuge Liang the master mind.（增加词语，提供背景知识） 5.省词译法： 这架电视机真是价廉物美。 This television set is really cheap (in price) and fine (i