Chapter8科技英语隐含的因果关系案例.ppt

Chapter 8 科技英语隐含的因果关系及汉译 8.1 形容词短语、分词短语、分词独立结构说明原因(或条件) 8.2 为了句子简明,主语部分含有较多信息。主语与其余部分之间往往有含蓄的因果关系 8.3 包含定语从句的主从复合句表示因果关系 8.4 so(...) that或such(...) as引导的从句表示结果,其前面的主句或主句的一部分表示原因(或条件) 8.5 and前后的两个简单句之间,有时可以有因果关系;可以是前因后果,也可以是因果倒置 8.6并列法表示因果关系:两个并列句之间隐含因果关系,对倒置的因果关系特别要注意 8.7被动语态 8.1 形容词短语、分词短语、分词独立结构说明原因(或条件) 1 Cold and drought tolerant, the new variety is adaptable to north China. 这种新品种耐寒耐旱,适合于在中国北方生长。 2 Free from the attack of moisture, a piece of iron does not rust as fast as we would expect. 如不受潮,铁块锈蚀的速度就不会像我们想象的那样快。 3 Neutrons, having no charge, are repelled neither by the electron cloud surrounding the nucleus nor by the nucleus itself. 中子(由于)不带电,所以既不受原子核周围的电子云也不受原子核本身的排斥。 4 The moon having no atmosphere, there can be no wind nor, of course, can there be any noise, for sound is carried by the air. 因为月球上没有大气层,又没有风,当然也没有什么声响,因为声音是靠空气传播的。 5 Some alloying elements ( such as chromium and tungsten) make the grain of steel finer, thus increasing the hardness and strength of steel. 有些合金元素(如铬和钨)能细化钢的晶粒,从而增加钢的硬度和强度。 6 A fusion reaction is going on in the sun to produce almost limitless energy. 太阳内部正在进行着核聚变反应,因而产生几乎无穷无尽的能量。 8.2 为了句子简明,主语部分含有较多信息。主语与其余部分之间往往有含蓄的因果关系 1 To count the stars in the Milky Way by ordinary methods would take more than a life-time. 如果用普通方法来数银河系里的星星,那你一辈子也数不清。 2 The absence of air also explains why the stars do not seem to twinkle in Space, as they do from the earth. 正因为没有空气,所以星星在太空中不象从地球上看它们时那样闪闪发亮。 3 In recent years, the development of sensitive and accurate measuring equipment has made it possible to measure the acuity of hearing of any individual at different frequencies. 近年来,由于研制出了灵敏而精确的测量仪器,我们能够测定任何人对不同频率声响的灵敏度。 4 The wrong power line connection damaged the motor. 由于电源线接错了,损坏了电机。 5 The high carbon content makes the steel less workable. 如果含碳量很高,钢就不易加工。 6 Prevailing uncertainties force them in each instance to consider not any one value of the parameter, but a likely range of values. 由于不稳定因素过多,所以我们在每一种情况下都不得不考虑一个可能的参数值范围,而不只是一个参数值。 7 It is