第2章物流战略和规划.pptVIP

* * 物流供应链战略和规划Logistics/Supply Chain Strategy and Planning Chapter 2 “If you don’t know where you want to go, any path will do.” CR (2004) Prentice Hall, Inc. 公司战略Corporate Strategy CR (2004) Prentice Hall, Inc. · 战略是为公司的目标而定位的计划的提出过程Strategy is the process whereby plans are formulated for positioning the firm to meet its objectives. · 战略的提出从定义公司的战略开始Strategy formulation begins with defining a corporate strategy. This involves: a. Assessing needs, strengths, and weaknesses of the 4 major components: - customers - suppliers - competitors - the company itself b. Visioning where counter - intuitive, unheard of, and unconventional strategies are considered. · 公司的战略转变为职能部门的战略Corporate strategies are converted to more specific strategies for the various functional areas of the firm such as logistics. 物流战略 · 物流的目标The objectives of logistics strategy are: - 成本最小Minimize cost - 投资最小Minimize investment - 客户服务水平最大Maximize customer service · 物流规划的层级Levels of logistical planning: - 战略Strategic - 战术Tactical - 运作Operational · 供应链规划的4个问题The 4 problem areas of supply chain planning - 客户服务水平Customer ser vice levels - 设施选址Facility location - 库存决策Inventory decisions - 运输决策Transportation decisions · 什么时间规划When to plan? - No distribution network currently exists. - There has been no re-evaluation in 5 years. - When costs are changing rapidly, especially transport inventory. - When markets have shifted. - When current distribution economics encourage shifts. - When there has been a major policy shift in logistics such as in price, customer service, or investment level. Recall the logistics strategy triangle 物流资产回报率Use ROLA 企业职能战略规划Corporate to Functional Strategic Planning CR (2004) Prentice Hall, Inc. 经济Economic 法规Regulatory 技术Technological 竞争Competitive 外部因素 External factors 企业战略规划Corporate strategic plan 营销Marketing 财务Finance 生产Manufacturing