英汉翻译讲义–第三章–怎样理解原文.ppt

Two of the largest and most powerful nations of the world have since 1950 lived in isolated ignorance of one another and mutual fear and hate. At the meeting, Johnson was very critical of Smiths record, but she was able to blunt his attack by showing that he had a private grievance against her. When he dined with his sister that evening, Madeline helped herself to a cigarette from his pack on the table, and lit and smoke it inexpertly. Her defiant, self-satisfied, somewhat pathetic air made Warren laugh. 他说打网球没人打得过他，但输了几场之后，他只好承认自己说错了。 对于外国人（甚至包括英国人）来说，要欣赏丰富多采的英语，最好的办法也许就是学习莎士比亚使用英语的各种方法。 由于有更紧急的任务，调查暂不进行。 毕竟所有的生物都靠吃其他东西生存，不管这种东西是植物还是动物，是死的还是活的。 如果我们能够设身处地为别人着想，就会懂得对别人臆断有多大害处。 隔壁大厅里，出乎意料地有300人出席了国际激光大气研究会议，有关会议情况本刊将于下月另文报道。 在会上，约翰逊百般指责史密斯过去的所作所为，但史密斯指出约翰逊对她有私仇，因而削弱了约翰逊攻击的锋芒。 第三次浪潮时代的企业除了需要有力的激励和教育机制外，还应善于接受外界的思想，善于容忍失败，这样才有利于思想上的活跃创新。 华伦那天跟妹妹美德琳一起吃晚饭时， 妹妹从桌上他的烟盒里取出一支香烟，不太在行地抽了起来。她那种不可一世、自鸣得意、又有点惹人爱怜的神气引得华伦哈哈大笑。 III. 英汉翻译原理第三讲 怎样理解原文？ For some people hope dies slowly. 对有些人来说，希望不会轻易破灭。 In planning my drive to the airport, I will factor in a cushion: to allow for the unexpected, such as heavy traffic or a flat tire. 我在安排开车前往机场时，总会考虑留一点时间，以防路上遇到交通堵塞或者轮胎漏气等意外情况。 The blue in his fine eyes seemed to preclude his being a Syrian, but there was an encouraging curve in his nostrils. 看他那双蓝眼睛，他似乎不可能是叙利亚人，但看他鼻子的曲线，却又使人觉得他很有可能是的。 美国语言教学家Wilga M. Rivers 理解中要掌握三个层次的意义，即词语意义、语法或结构意义以及社会和文化意义（the three levels of meaning: lexical meaning, structural or grammatical meaning, and social-cultural meaning） aborigine/土著/原住民 少数民族 德国译学教授Wolfram Wilss Translating requires the syntactic, semantic, stylistic and text-pragmatic comprehension by the translator of the original texts.（翻译过程要求译者在句法、语义、文体和语篇语用各方面对原文的进行理解。） my opinion:同时，要从文化层面予以理解。 一、要结合上下文语境进行理解： The financial implications of this resolution remain to be defined. 本决议所涉及的财政问题尚待确定。 本决议对财政工作的意义尚待阐明。 The tyrants might array their cruelty, but the people would oppose their bravery. 暴君恣意肆虐，人民则奋勇反抗。 Managers face a host of new b