新4级长难句子猜词技巧.doc

四级阅读理解难，难在长难句。如何破解长难句，是做好四级阅读理解的关键一环。破解长难句通常采用方法是找准主谓宾去除定状补，抓住长难句特点进行庖丁解牛是破解四级阅读理解长难句的又一制胜法宝。四级阅读理解长难句有以下大特点：　　1、 主语拉长来源：考试大的美女编辑们　　一般来讲，汉语主语比较简短。相比之下，英语中主语一旦拉长，就会增加读者的理解难度。　　解决方法：有效分解主谓成分，断开之后各个击破。例如：　　The streams, lakes, meadows(草地), mountain ridges and forests that make the Poconos an ideal place for black bears have also attracted more people to the region. （2005.6）　　首先，把原句子分解为两个简单独立的句子：　　（1）The streams, lakes, meadows(草地), mountain ridges and forests that make the Poconos an ideal place for balck bears溪流、湖泊、草地、山脉、森林，使得Pocono成为黑熊理想的栖息地　　（2）have also attracted more people to the region. 吸引了越来越多的人们来到这里。　　其次，句子整合翻译：　　溪流、湖泊、草地、山脉、森林，这些不仅使得Pocono成为黑熊理想的栖息地，而且吸引了越来越多的人们来到这里。　　2、 分词短语打头，句子呈现三段（或三段以上）的长句式　　分词短语（包括现在分词和过去分词）做状语，这一句式比较常见，读者阅读时由于要区分短语和主语之间的逻辑关系，所以理解上有难度。并且分词短语本身往往由于掺入了插入语成分，理解上就更为困难。　　特别注意不定式to位于句首表目的，一定是考试重点。例如：　　原文：To prepare children for successful careers in first grade and beyond, Japanese schools do not teach reading, writing, and mathematics, but rather skills such as persistence, concentration, and the ability to function as a member of a group. (2005.1)　　翻译：为了使孩子能在一年级和以后有良好的表现，日本的学校并不教授阅读、写作、和算数，而是教孩子们诸如毅力、注意力和群体合作能力等技巧。　　考题：In Japan’s preschool education, the focus is on　　A. preparing children academically B. developing children’s artistic interests　　C. tapping children’s potential D. shaping children’s character 　　3、多重复合句叠加采集者退散　　所谓多重复合句叠加，就是说一个长句子当中可能包含了好几种句式（并列的定语从句、状语从句、介词短语等等）。　　解决方法：分清主从句，理清句子逻辑关系至关重要。通常采用图表法。例如：　　（1）Then there is the general, all covering apology, which avoids the necessity of identifying a specific act that was particularly hurtful or insulting, and which the person who is apologizing should promise never to do again. (2006.1)　　结构图：　　——☆①　　○——○——　　——☆②　　说明：　　○——○=then there is the general, all covering apology　　=which avoids the necessity of identifying a specific act　　= and which the person should promise never to do again　　= that was particularly hurtful or insulting　　= Who is apologizing