高考英语句子成分分析课件.pptx

成分及句型 一、句子 成分 （一）什么是？ 构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。 句子成分有主语，谓语，表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语。 句子成分详解表 句子成分 意义 充当词类 例句 主语 表示句子说的是什么人或什么 事 名，代，数，不定 式，动名词，短语或 句子 We study in HuangQiao Middle School. 谓语 说明主语做什么，是什么或怎 么样 动词或动词词组 She is dancing under the tree. 宾语 表示动作行为的对象 同主语 Both of us like English. 表语 与联系动词连用，一起构成谓 语，说明主语的性质或特征 同主语 Her father is a chemist. His words sound reasonable. 定语 用来修饰名词或代词 形，代，数，名, 副，介词短语或句子 We have eight lessons every day. 状语 修饰动词，形容词，副词，表 示动作发生的时间，地点，原 因，目的，方式，结果等 副词，介词短语或句 子 He works very hard. They held a party in Hollywood. 宾语 补足语 逻辑上与宾语是主谓关系 形容词，名词，介词 短语等 She always keeps the house clean. 主语谓语是基础，宾表定状补辅助。宾主来自名代数，动词作谓不可无！ 主语 句子的主体表示句子说的是什么人或什么 事，全句述说的对象。常置于句首。 I like football. The boy needs a pen. We often speak English in class The rich should help the poor. When we are going to have an English test has not been decided. It is necessary to master a foreign language. 谓语 说明主语做什么，是什么或怎么样.主要由动词担任 The train leaves at 6 o’clock. I want a ticket. He practices running every morning. He has caught a bad cold. 宾语 宾语表示及物动词的对象或结果,回答做的是“什么”。 He won the game. Tom lost his life in the big fire. He can spell the word. My brother hasnt done his homework. People all over the world speak English. You must pay good attention to your pronunciation. 有些及物动词带有两个宾语,一个指物,一个指人。指物的叫直接宾语,指人的叫间接宾语。间接宾语一般放在直接宾语的前 He wrote me a letter . (他给我写了一封信) 有时可把介词to或for加在间接宾语前构成短语,放在直接宾语后面,来强调间接宾语He wrote a letter to me . (他给我写了一封信) 表语 在系动词之后,说明主语的身份或特征,回答是“什么”或者“怎么样”。通常由名词、代词或形容词担任. My name is Mary He is a student Three times seven is twenty one The weather has turned cold The meeting is of great importance. 除了be系动词外，还有一些动词也可以用作系动词 1)表感官的动词: feel, smell, taste, sound, look, appear, seem 等 2) 表转变变化的动词: become, get, grow, turn, go 3)表延续的动词: remain, keep, hold, stay, rest 定语 修饰名词或代词,通常由形容词、代词、数词等担任 The black bike is mine Guilin is a beautiful city China is a developing country; America is a developed country. His rapid progress in English made us surprised He is reading an article about how to le