++宏基因组学研究进展09.pdf

微生物学通报 JUL 20, 2009, 36(7): 1058~1066 Microbiology © 2009 by Institute of Microbiology, CAS tongbao@ 专论与综述 宏基因组学研究进展 1 1 1 1,2* 黄循柳 黄仕杰 郭丽琼 林俊芳 (1. 510640) (2. 510640) 摘 要: 不可培养微生物占据微生物总数的99%以上, 这己成为微生物资源开发利用的一个限制 性因素。宏基因组学是通过提取某一环境中的所有微生物基因组DNA 、构建基因组文库及对文库 进行筛选寻找和发现新的功能基因及活性代谢产物的一种方法。它避开了微生物分离培养的过程, 极大地扩展了微生物资源的利用空间, 是现代基因工程一个新的发展方向和研究热点。本文主要 对宏基因组的 DNA 提取方法、文库的构建、筛选策略的选择及近年来宏基因组学在各领域中的 应用研究现状进行了综述。 关键词: 宏基因组, 未培养微生物, 文库构建, 文库筛选 Advances of Metagenomics HUANG Xun-Liu1 HUANG Shi-Jie1 GUO Li-Qiong1 LIN Jun-Fang1,2* (1. College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640, China) (2. Institute of Biomass Research , South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640, China) Abstract: It has evolved as a main limiting factor for the exploitation and application of microbial resources that more than 99% of microorganisms in natural environments cannot be cultivated so far by current isola- tion and culture methods. Metagenomics is an advanced methodology by means of extracting all microbial genomic DNAs in certain environmental habitat, constructing and screening metagenomic libraries to seek novel functional genes and/or biologically active compounds. It can overcome the advantages of isolation and cultivation procedures in traditional microbial method, and thus greatly broaden the space of microbial resource utilization. So it has become one of the powerful research tools for microbiology, biotechnology, soil and environmen