双语资讯︰霍金等呼吁提防人工智能副作用.docxVIP

Dozens of scientists, entrepreneurs and investors involved in the field of artificial intelligence, including Stephen Hawking and Elon Musk, have signed an open letter warning that greater focus is needed on its safety and social benefits. 数十位科学家、企业家及与人工智能领域有关的投资者联名发出了一封公开信，警告人们必须更多地注意人工智能(AI)的安全性及其社会效益。参加联署的人中包括了科学家史蒂芬?霍金(Stephen Hawking)及企业家埃伦?马斯克(Elon Musk)。The letter and an accompanying paper from the Future of Life Institute, which suggests research priorities for “robust and beneficial” artificial intelligence, come amid growing nervousness about the impact on jobs or even humanity’s long-term survival from machines whose intelligence and capabilities could exceed those of the people who created them. 这封发自生命未来研究所(Future of Life Institute，简称FLI)的公开信还附带了一篇论文，其中建议应优先研究“强大而有益”的人工智能。目前，人们日益担心机器的智力和能力可能会超过创造它们的人类，从而影响到人类的就业，甚至影响到人类的长期生存。“Because of the great potential of AI, it is important to research how to reap its benefits while avoiding potential pitfalls,” the FLI’s letter says. “Our AI systems must do what we want them to do.”这封FLI的公开信表示：“由于人工智能的巨大潜力，开展如何在规避其潜在陷阱的同时获取其好处的研究十分重要。我们的人工智能系统，必须按照我们的意愿工作。” The FLI was founded last year by volunteers including Jaan Tallinn, a co-founder of Skype, to stimulate research into “optimistic visions of the future” and to “mitigate existential risks facing humanity”, with a focus on those arising from the development of human-level artificial intelligence. FLI去年由包括Skype联合创始人让?塔林(Jaan Tallinn)在内的志愿者创立。成立该研究所的目的一方面是为了促进对“未来乐观图景”的研究，一方面则是为了“降低人类面临的现存风险”。这其中，在开发与人类相当的人工智能技术过程中出现的那些风险，将是该所关注的重点。Mr Musk, the co-founder of SpaceX and Tesla, who sits on the FLI’s scientific advisory board alongside actor Morgan Freeman and cosmologist Stephen Hawking, has said that he believes uncontrolled artificial intelligence is “potentially more dangerous than nukes”. SpaceX和特斯拉(Tesla)的共同创始人马斯克、著名演员摩根?弗里曼(Morgan Freeman)以及宇宙学家史蒂芬?霍金都是FLI科学顾问委员会的委员。马斯克表示，他相信不受控制的人工智能“可能比核武器更危险”。 Other signatories to the FLI’s letter include Luke Muehlhauser, e