同义句变换的几种类型〔二〕.docxVIP

同义句变换的几种类型（二）四、非延续性动词与延续性动词的相互转换即非延续性动词与延续性动词进行转换，此时往往会涉及时态的变化。如：1. The manager left two hours ago.The manager _______ _______ _______ for two hours.分析：答案为 has been away。leave为非延续性动词，不能与for two hours 这样的一段时间连用，而改成 be away这样的延续性动词后，则连用一般时间。2. The film began five minutes ago.The film has been _______ _______ five minutes.分析：答案为on for。 has been提示时态是现在完成时态，“for+时间段”表示“持续(一段时间)”，常用在含有现在完成时态的句子里。3. Mr. Li joined the Party twenty years ago.Mr. Li _______ _______ _______ the Party for twenty years.答案：has been in。短暂动词join，意为“参加，加入(组织，政党)”，不能与延续时间状语连用，与延续性时间状语连用时，将join 改成be in 或be a member in…。五、运用不同引语进行转换即将直接引语变为间接引语或将间接引语转换成直接引语。此时还要注意相关时态、人称、动词、状语等的相应变化。如：1. “I’ve found my wallet,” he said to me.He ______ me that he ______ ______ his wallet.分析：答案为told, had, found。此题为将直接引语转换成间接引语。2. “Did you see her last week?” he said.He ______ ______ I had seen her the week _______.分析：答案为asked, if / whether, before。此题是将疑问句的直接引语转换成间接引语。3. He asked me where I had been these days.“Where ______ ______ ______ these days?” he asked.分析：答案为have, you, been。此题是将间接引语转换成直接引语。六、运用简单句与复合句之间的转换即将简单句变成同义的复合句或将复合句变成同义的简单句。如：1. We didnt go out for a walk because it was raining.We didnt go out for a walk _______ _______ the rain.分析：答案为because of。将原因状语从句because it was raining改为表示原因的介词短语 because of the rain。2. He was so excited that he couldnt go to sleep.He was _______ _______ _______ go to sleep.分析：答案为too excited to。将so…that…换成too…to…结构，原句的that从句为结果状语从句，改写句中的不定式仍表结果。3. Now I will show you how to do the work.Now I will show you ______ _______ _______ do the work.分析：答案为how you can。即将原句中的“疑问词+不定式”结构转换成宾语从句。4. You should put them back after you use them.You should put them back _______ _______ them.分析：答案为after using。即将after引导的状语从句改写为after引导的介词短语。5. She seems to be worried now._______ _______ that she _______worried now.分析：答案为It, seems, is。复合句 It seems / seemed that sb…与简单句sb. seems / seemed to …同义，均表示“某人看起来……”。