翻译常用之八大技division.ppt

翻译常用之八大技巧 七 分译法 Division * * 就句子结构而论，西洋语言是法治的，中国语言是人治的。 英语重形合(hypotaxis)，汉语重意合(parataxis)。 英汉互译时： 1）把握目标语的形合和意合程度 2）弄清楚源语复杂的主从结构能否移译到目标语中 → 翻译英语长句时，可将原文中的单个词或词组扩成句子，或者将一个句子拆开为两个以上的单句，即将句子成分前后加上某些修饰语（如定语、状语、定语从句、状语从句）等翻译成句子。 词和短语的扩展： The Chinese seemed justifiably proud of their economic achievements. 中国人似乎为他们在经济上所取得的成就而自豪，这是合乎情理的。 He arrived in Washington at a ripe moment internationally. 他来到华盛顿，就国际形势来说，时机正合适。 It all began in the mid-1850s, when Lowe’s experiments with balloons led him to believe in the existence of an upper stream of air that moved in an easterly direction, no matter what direction the lower currents flowed. 这一切始于19世纪50年代中期。当时，洛乘气球进行多次试验，这些试验使他相信，不管低空中的气流往什么方向移动，高空中总是存在着一股向东移动的气流。 句子的扩展： His failure to observe the safety regulations resulted in an accident to the machinery. 由于没有遵守安全规则，他把机器弄出故障了。 The shark swung over and the old man saw his eye was not alive and then he swung over once again, wrapping himself in two loops of the rope. (Ernest Hemingway, The Old Man and the Sea) 鲨鱼在海里翻滚过来。// 老头儿看见它的眼珠已经没有生气了，但是它又翻滚了一下，滚得自己给绳子缠了两道。（拆开并列句） It was in vain that the old lady asked her if she was aware she was speaking to Miss Pinkerton. (W. M. Thackeray, Vanity Fair) 老太太问她明白不明白对她说话的不是别人，是平克顿小姐。// 这话毫无效力。（拆开名词从句） Three rains had passed, and it was that lean season when the village’s store of grain and other dried foods from the last harvest was almost gone. (Alex Haley, Roots) 三个雨季已经过去，正到了青黄不接的时节。// 村子里上一季收成之后贮藏的粮食和其它干果杂品差不多已食用一空。（拆开定语从句） While the present century was in its teens, and on one sunshiny morning in June, there drove up to the great iron gate of Miss Pinkerton’s academy for young ladies, on Chiswick Mall, a large family coach. (W. M. Thackeray, Vanity Fair) 当时我们这世纪刚开始了十几年。在六月里的一天早上，天气晴朗，契息克林荫道上平克顿女子学校的大铁门前面来了一辆宽敞的私人马车。（拆开状语从句） *