第五讲;被动、虚拟、助动词、非限定动词精要.ppt

7. 我非常不愿意眼看他犯错误. A: 8. 我多么希望我们厂装备得好一些. A: 9. 要不是我们明天有测验,我今晚就去看电影了. A: If we weren’t to have our test tomorrow, I would go and see a film this evening. How I wish our factory were better equipped. Far be it from me to see him make a mistake. Chapter 17 -18 Auxiliaries助动词 情态助动词 （P191-209） Modal meanings: Ability and possibility(能力、可能) Permission prohibition　（许可、不许） Obligation necessity（义务、必然） Prediction predictability　（预见、推测） Willingness, intention, and determination（意愿、意图、决心） Other modal meanings 半助动词 半助动词 P210 半助动词在功能上介乎主动词和助动词之间的一类结构，称为半助动词。它们可与主动词搭配构成复杂动词词组并表示情态意义，有时也可与助动词搭配。 　　三类：以be为中心； 以have 为中心； 以seem 为中心 e.g. be able to, have to, seem to 　带有半助动词作为动词词组的组成部分的句子，有的可以转换“ It…that-分句”结构，而有的却不可以。从这个角度看，半助动词可分为两类：一类是可以作上述转换的 ，另一类半助动词不可以作上述转换 。 半助动词 P210 They are certain to win the game．他们肯定会在比赛中获胜。 　→It is certain that they will win the game． He is likely to let you down．他可能使你失望。 　→It is likely that he will let you down． He appears to have many friends．看来他有许多朋友。 →It appears that he has many friends． He seems to be enjoying himself．看来他玩得很快活。 →It seems that he is enjoying himself 　　 半助动词 P210 Some members of the committee seem to have been bribed.委员会的一些成员看来是受了贿赂。 　→It seems that some members of the committee have been bribed． I happen to have had some nasty experiences in dealing with him． 我恰巧有过一些和他打交道的不愉快的经历。 　→It happens that I have had some nasty experiences in dealing with him． 　 半助动词 P210 He is about to arrive．他即将到达。 He is bound to win．他一定会获胜。 The boy tended to be late．这孩子老是迟到。 不可以转换为： 　*It is about that he will arrive． 　*It bound that he will win． 　*It tended that the boy was late． Chapter 19-22 Non-finite verb 非限定动词： Infinitive -ing Participle -ed Participle 非限定动词也叫非谓语动词，具有双重性质: 1) 动词性质 　　　have breakfast fast 　　　Having breakfast fast is bad for health. ２）非动词性质,即名词及形容词性质 　不定式 infinitive 具有名词及形容词性 　 -ing Participle具有名词词性、形容词词性 　 -ed Participle 具有形容词词性 Chapter19-22 Non-fin