西北工业university英语研究生翻译3.pptVIP

Detailed Study 5a. Malaysian pig farmers had a similar experience in 1999, after they started pushing back the forest to expand their operations. As barns replaced forestland, displaced fruit bats started living in the rafters, bombarding the pigs’ drinking water with a pathogen now known as the Nipah virus. 5a.1999年, 马来西亚人为扩大养猪业而砍伐森林以后, 他们的养猪场有过类似的经历。猪场取代了森林以后，无处栖息的狐蝠开始以屋椽为居，用一种现称尼巴病毒的病原体污染了猪的饮用水。 Detailed Study 5b.纽约州巴利塞得的保护野生动物基金组织主席马利普尔说“猪感染了一种严重的咳嗽（人称‘一英里’ 咳嗽），因为人们在很远的地方能听到猪的咳嗽声。” 。病毒迅速由猪传染给了饲养员，导致严重脑炎，感染的人中40%死亡。当马来西亚政府封闭了八个养猪场，宰杀了一百万头猪时，流行病才停止蔓延。 5b.“The pigs developed an explosive cough that became known as the one-mile cough because you could hear it from so far away,” says Mary Pearl, president of the Wildlife Trust in Palisades, N.Y. The virus soon spread from the pigs to their keepers, causing extreme brain inflammation and killing 40 percent of the affected people. The outbreak ended when Malaysian authorities closed eight farms and slaughtered a million pigs. Detailed Study 6a. The point is not that rain forests are dangerous. It’s that blindly rearranging ecosystems can be hazardous to our health—whether we’re in the Amazon Basin or the woods of Connecticut. That’s where Lyme disease emerged, and it, too, is a product of the way we use our land. Borrelia burgdorferi, the bacterium that causes Lyme, lives in the bodies of deer and white-footed mice, passing between those animals in the heads of biting ticks. 6a.事实上，热带雨林并不危险。对我们健康造成威胁的是盲目改变生态系统,无论我们在亚马孙河流域还是康乃迪格州的森林，后者即是莱姆病的发生地。起因还是我们随意使用土地。莱姆病的致病菌伯氏舒螺旋体住在鹿和白爪鼠体内，通过吸血虱的头部在这类动物当中传播。 Detailed Study 6b.人类世世代代穿行在充满这类生物的小路上，直到一九七五年才发生第一例莱姆病。为什么我们的抵抗力突然间下降了呢？在纽约州密尔布鲁克生态系统研究所的一位动物生态学家里查德奥思特菲尔德把这件事和城市郊区开发联系起来。在原始森林里，狐狸和美洲野猫捕食携带病菌的老鼠，从而起到了阻止疾病传播的作用。 6b.People have crossed paths with all these critters for generations, yet the first known case of Lyme disease dates back only to 1975. Why did we suddenly become vulnerable? Richard Ostfeld, an animal ecol