我国护理体系现存突出问题的探索及建设策略.PDF

中国工程科学 2017年 第19卷 第2期 DOI 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2017.02.013 我国护理体系现存突出问题的探索及建设策略 皮红英，孟文文，章洁，支晨，赵婷 （中国人民解放军总医院，北京 100853 ） 摘要：本文运用文献研究法、问卷调查法及专家咨询法来探索当前我国护理体系存在的问题，围绕护理人力资源配置、学科 发展建设、护理价值实现三方面分析现存的突出问题并提出对策建议。分析结果表明，护理人力资源配置，在护士数量、学 历水平、年龄结构、队伍稳定性等方面存在问题；在护理学科发展建设方面，专业课程设置、人才培养模式、经费投入问题 较为突出；护理服务价格偏低、护士收入偏低、护理价值得不到体现同样是阻碍护理事业发展的关键问题。针对上述突出问 题，在加强护理队伍建设和提升护理服务质量、加快学科建设和人才培养、健全护理收费标准和提高护士待遇三方面提出对 策建议及建设策略，以期为构建新型护理体系提供依据。 关键词：护理体系；护理服务；人力资源；护理经济学；护理学科建设 中图分类号：R47 文献标识码：A Insights into Current Severe Problems with China’s Nursing System, and Construction Strategies Pi Hongying, Meng Wenwen, Zhang Jie, Zhi Chen, Zhao Ting (Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China) Abstract: Based on a literature review, a questionnaire survey, and expert consultation, this paper provides insights into the severe problems that exist within China’s nursing system; analyzes these problems in terms of the allocation of nursing human resources, the development and construction of the nursing discipline, and nursing value realization; and sets forth countermeasures and suggestions. According to the analysis results, problems exist regarding the allocation of nursing human resources in China, and include the number of nurses, the educational background of nurses, the age structure of nurses, and the stability of the nurse workforce. Professional curriculum design, professional training modes, and financing investments reveal severe problems for the development and construction of the nursing discipline. Nursing services are low priced, nursing income is low, and the value of nursing is underestimated; these circumstances are key problems that hinder the development