修辞格的翻译.doc

第二节 修辞格的翻译 　　英汉翻译中，修辞格的翻译往往比较棘手。原因是英语修辞格一般都具有形式独特新异、内容形象丰富、功能生动鲜明等特点。用汉语把所有这些要素都翻译出来自然比较困难。这时就要坚持首先保证内容、其次尽量保留原文效果、最后力争形式妥贴的原则。根据这一原则，修辞格的翻译一般有直译法、解释法、意译法、替换法等。6．2．1直译法　　修辞格的翻译直译法应为首选。例如下面一些句子：1. His present hunger awoke and gnawed at him.这会儿，他肚子里的饥饿又苏醒过来撕咬着他。2. Of me, my mother would say, with characteristic restraint, This bandit. He doesnt even have to open a book---A in everything. Albert Einstein the Second.至于我，母亲总是以特有的矜持说：这小鬼头，他甚至连书本都不消打开── 门门都是优秀，真是个活脱脱的爱因斯坦。3. The Dutchman was six-foot, a great, red-faced, hot-tempered trek-ox of a man.那荷兰人身高六英尺，大块头，红脸膛，暴脾气，简直是一头拉车的公牛。4. The parental discipline can be described as cruel kindness.父母的惩戒可以说是残酷的仁慈。5. Safety will be the sturdy child of terror, and survival the twin brother of annihilation.安全是恐怖的健壮婴儿，生存是毁灭的孪生兄弟。6. The plays adapted from Greek tragedies and Shakespearean drama by Suzuki, although performed in Japanese, caused a big stir among the western audience with their strange and cruel beauty.铃木正改编自希腊悲剧和莎士比亚戏剧的剧作，虽然以日语演出，但那种奇异而残酷的美，却在西方观众中引起了轰动。7. What had once seemed shallow and tedious now loomed in memory like paradise.过去一度认为是浅薄、无聊的事情现在却像天堂美景一样在脑际萦回。8. The ball felt light as a feather against his big hands.球掉在他的大手上轻如鸿毛。6．2．2 解释法　　有的时候直译可能造成理解上的困难，但是又不允许或者不宜舍弃原来的修辞格，这个时候可以采取解释的方法。例如：1. Hailed as an Iacacca, he now must meet added competition.他把自己标榜为艾柯卡式的金融巨子，眼下一定会遇到更多的竞争对手。（Iacacca为美国汽车工业界巨头，因善于经营而知名，曾有自传流行于世）2. Some Japanese say privately that Hussein is not Hitler but Frankensteins monster, created in part by an America whose pro-Israeli stance has inflamed Arab opinion over the years and whose policies only a few months ago were subsidizing Iraqs military buildup.一些日本人士私下说，候赛因不是希特勒，而是危及其创造者的弗兰肯斯坦，部分是由美国创造出来的，美国的亲以色列立场这些年来激怒了阿拉伯的舆论，而仅仅几个月以前，美国的政策还在补贴伊拉克军事力量的发展。(Frankenstein为英国作家所著小说中一科学家，他创造了一个怪物而自己被它毁灭)6．2．3意译法　　有的修辞格即使采取解释的方法也会妨碍读者的阅读和理解，这个时候就只能割弃修辞格的形式，只保留基本信息了。例如下面一段销售部门经理对下属推销人员的训话：　　O.K. fellas, this is it! D-Day! Lets get out there and blitz the competition. Giveem hell!