Diana的语法笔记131115.docx

比较专题比较的成分分析对主、谓、宾全齐句子的比较比主语：A do B than C do如果前后主语相同A=C且时态相同,则可以省略C do A do B 状语X than 状语Y；但是时态不同时，助动词不能省略Eg. (1) As a result of the continuing decline in the birth rate, Fewer people will enter the labor force in the 1980’s than did in the 1960’s and 1970’s.(2) In no other historical sighting did Halley’s Comet cause such a worldwide sensation asin its return of 1910-1911. =Halleys comet did not cause such a worldwide sensation in other historical sighting as (a worldwide sensation) in its return of 1910–1911.比宾语： A do B than CEg. In addition to having more protein than wheat does, rice has protein of higher quality than that in wheat. =rice has a protein higher in quality than wheat does.比介宾： A do sth of C1 by D1 than of C2 by D2Eg. The clothes looked more appealing inside the store than outside the racks.比状语（这里的状语指同一个主语之前被认为的那样比）： A do sth than 状语Y 状语Y可以为：Usually/previously believed/expectedHad/have been believed/expectedIt/they was/were initially/previously believed/expected to beIt/they has/have/had believed/expected to be对于只有主、谓的句子比主语： A do than B 比其他成分同主谓宾齐全的句子对于主系表句子的比较（同主谓宾结构）但Be可以补，可以不补 eg. Apples are more healthy to eat than caramels (are).【注】主系表结构，比较结构的时态不同可以不补出助动词,即让前后状语比较，但是前面必须有状语！(1)I walk as fast now as [I walked] when I was young.(2) The gyrfalcon, an Arctic bird of prey, has survived a close brush with extinction; its numbers are now five times greater thanwhen the use of DDT was sharply restricted in the early 1970s.(3) Heating-oil prices are expected to be higher this year than last because refiners are paying about $5 a barrel more for crude oil than they were last year.前面没有补出不同的助动词，因为前面有了明确的时间状语；后面需要补出来，因为后面只有一个时间状语。特例：比较的是状语成分中的名词According to analysts, an alliance between three major personal computer companies and most of the nation’s largest local telephone companies would enable customers to receive internet data over regular telephone lines?at speeds much higher than are?currently possible.完整结构：speeds (that would be) much high than (