英语修辞学ENGLISH RHETORIC - Logical Figures of Speech.ppt

a Logical Figures of Speech Allegory寓言;讽喻 Definition: Allegory is a form of extended metaphor, in which objects, persons, and actions in a narrative, are equated with the meanings that lie outside the narrative itself. The underlying meaning has moral, social, religious, or political significance, and characters are often personifications of abstract ideas as charity, greed, or envy. Thus an allegory is a story with two meanings, a literal meaning and a symbolic meaning. Summary The Pilgrims Progress tells of the flight of a Christian from the City of Destruction. As he is fleeing from home with the burden of his sins upon his back, he falls into the Slough (a deep ditch) of Despond, but frees himself with the assistance of Help, passes through a little wicket-gate, and so begins his journey to the Celestial City. He loses his burden at he Cross, fights with Apollyon in the Valley of Humiliation, is terrified in the Valley of the Shadow of Death, suffers in Vanity Fair, is almost overcome in Doubting Castle by Giant Despair, but at last reaches the Delectable Mountains and the Land of Beulah. He then crosses the River of Death and is received into the Celestial City. In the course of his long journey or pilgrimage, Christian meets Pliable, Mr. Worldly-Wise, Talkative, Lord Hategood, Mr. Facing-both-ways, and others, all allegorical character, but very real. Allusion 典故 Definition: A brief, usually indirect reference to a person, place, or event--real or fictional. An allusion may be drawn from history, geography, literature, or religion. Example I violated the Noah rule: predicting rain doesnt count; building arks does.(Warren Buffett) Allusion 1.The heel of Achilles 2.Open sesame 3.Cinderella 4.Fig leaf 5.Tower of Babel 6.Pound of flesh 1.small but weak or vulnerable point, eg. In sb’s character 2.magic words used, in one of the Arabian Nights Stories, to cause a door to open 3.a girl or woman whose attraction, merits, etc.have not been recognized 4.