汽车电器系统结构的全分布式设计-同济大学学报.doc

文章编号：0253-374X(2012)07- DOI: 3969/j.issn.0253-374x.2012.07.000 汽车电器系统结构的全分布式设计 张新丰1，杨殿阁2, 连小珉2 （1.同济大学 汽车学院，上海 201804; 2.清华大学 汽车安全与节能国家重点实验室，北京 100084） 摘要：通过定义分布指数分析了汽车电器系统结构演变及发展方向，并提出了一种全分布式的汽车电器系统结构。该系统是一个以骨干网和局域网二级网络为数字信号网络、以电源网络为系统供电并以中央协调器作整车协调控制的体系结构，通过骨干网和局域网实现电器信息共享及控制指令传输，并以分布式电力网实现整车弱电系统和强电系统的分离供电，以标准化电器接口实现了整车不变线束，从而构成了一个智能型、标准化、一致性很强、扩展性良好、可靠性高的整车电器系统。最后开发了实验样车，证明了全分布式控制系统的可行性和经济性。 关键词：汽车电器系统构架；全分布式控制；电源网络；中央协调器；不变线束 中图分类号：U 463.6 文献标识码：A Complelely distributed automotive electrical system and its design ZHANG Xinfeng1, YANG Dian Ge2, LIAN Xiaomin2 (1. School of Automotive studies, Tongji University, Shanghai, 201804, China 2.State key laboratory of automotive safety and energy, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China) Abstract: The distribution index is proposed and defined, through with Trends of automotive electrical system architecture is analyzed. A kind of completely distributed automotive electronic system architecture is introduced. The new architecture concept features a set of hierarchy backbone and local digital signal network, power supply network together with a central coordination controller. The electrical/electronic devices are connected through backbone/local networks, and are supplied through the distributed power supply network. The wires set and connector types of harness in completely distributed automotive electronic system are standardized and invariant. The system achieves good configurability, extendibility and reliability. System demonstration is carried out on a prototype, namely a urban bus and the system is improved feasible and economy. Key words: automotive electrical system architecture; completely distributed control system; automotive power network; central coordination control unit; invariant harness20世纪初德国博世公司陆续发明了高压磁电机点火系统、起动机、直流发电机，随后电动雨刮器、前照灯等各种电器在汽车上开始广泛使用，20世纪50年代汽车上开始安装电子管收音机和晶体管收音机，1960年硅整流交流发电机开始在美国克莱斯勒汽车公司和日本日产汽车公司应用，不久便迅速推广到全世界，20世纪60年代以动机电子控制技术开始使用，80年代